body plan and organsiation Flashcards
anterior
the front face of the body
posterior
the back face of the body
proximal
closer to the centre of the body
distal
further away from the centre of the body
medial
towards the centre of the body
lateral
away from the centre of the body
superior
towards the upper body
inferior
away from the upper body
cranial cavity
the hollow structure that holds the brain
spinal cavity
the narrow space that runs the length of the spinal column and shields the spinal cord
thoracic cavity
the space in the chest that contains blood vessels, organs, nerves and other important body structures
abdominopelvic cavity
the space in the body that contains the pelvic and abdominal structures
matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
energy
the capacity to do work, or the sum of work done
element
-pure substance
-consists of one type of atom that can not be broken down to create a different substance
atom
smallest part of a substance that cannot be chemically broken down
ion
an atom or molecule with a net charge
molecule
smallest part of a substance that cannot be chemically broken down
compound
two elements that have been chemically bonded
chemical bond
-attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that holds them together
-to create crystals, compounds and other structures
chemical reaction
-one or more substances are converted into new substances with different properties
ionic bond
-one or more electrons are transferred between two or more atoms
-which makes the ions oppositely charged
covalent bond
-sharing the electron on outer shells to complete a full shell
-non-metal and non-metal reaction
-held together by the attraction of their positive nuclei to the shared electron
hydrogen bond
-intermolecular force
-forms between different molecules
or in parts of the same molecule
