Gene regulation in eukaryotes

Question 1

Gene regulation

Answer 1

How a cell controls which genes, out of many genes in its genome, are turned on or expressed

Question 2

Transcription factors

Answer 2

protein factors that help turn specific genes “on” or “off” by binding to nearby DNA

Question 3

Transcription

Answer 3

Process where a gene’s DNA sequence is transcribed (copied) into an RNA molecule

Question 4

Gene expression

Answer 4

When a gene is DNA is “turned on” or used to make the protein it specifies.

Question 5

RNA polymerase

Answer 5

Makes new RNA molecule from DNA template

Question 6

Promoter

Answer 6

Spot where RNA polymerase attaches

Question 7

Enhancers

Answer 7

Faraway clusters of binding sites for activators

Question 7

Activators

Answer 7

Activate transcription and help the general transcription factors and RNA polymerase bind to the promoter

Question 8

Repressors

Answer 8

Repress factors, an example being it may get in the way of basal transcription factors or RNA polymerase, making it so they can’t bind to the promoter or begin transcription

Question 9

Silencers

Answer 9

fareway clusters of binding sites for activators that can activate or repress the gene in certain cell type or bdy parts