gastritis and ibs practice Flashcards
What is gastritis?
A) Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
B) Breakdown of the gastric lining
C) Increased gastric acid secretion
D) Gastric ulcer formation
A) Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
What are the two types of gastritis?
A) Acute and Chronic
B) Ulcerative and Non-ulcerative
C) Infectious and Non-infectious
D) Reactive and Erosive
A) Acute and Chronic
What causes gastritis?
A) Genetic factors
B) Breakdown of the normal gastric mucosal barrier, allowing HCl acid and pepsin to diffuse back into the mucosa, leading to tissue edema, capillary disruption, and possible bleeding
C) Alcohol-induced mucosal irritation
D) Increased gastric acid secretion
B) Breakdown of the normal gastric mucosal barrier, allowing HCl acid and pepsin to diffuse back into the mucosa, leading to tissue edema, capillary disruption, and possible bleeding
What are the symptoms of acute gastritis?
A) Weight loss, Constipation, Pain after eating
B) Anorexia, Nausea & vomiting (N/V), Epigastric tenderness, Feeling of fullness, GI bleeding
C) Loss of appetite, Diarrhea, Mild abdominal pain
D) Fatigue, Chest pain, Shortness of breath
B) Anorexia, Nausea & vomiting (N/V), Epigastric tenderness, Feeling of fullness, GI bleeding
How long does acute gastritis last?
A) A few weeks
B) A few months
C) A few hours to a few days; self-limiting with complete mucosal healing
D) A few days to weeks with chronic complications
C) A few hours to a few days; self-limiting with complete mucosal healing
What are the symptoms of chronic gastritis?
A) Severe nausea, Vomiting, Fever
B) Some patients are asymptomatic, but if parietal cells are lost due to atrophy, intrinsic factor is also lost, leading to cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency
C) Diarrhea and abdominal cramps
D) Jaundice and dark urine
B) Some patients are asymptomatic, but if parietal cells are lost due to atrophy, intrinsic factor is also lost, leading to cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency
What nursing interventions are needed for acute gastritis with vomiting?
A) Rest, NPO status, IV fluids if prescribed, NG tube for bleeding, lavage, and to keep stomach free of stimuli
B) Encourage oral hydration and light meals
C) Restrict pain medication use
D) Administer antibiotics and antivirals
A) Rest, NPO status, IV fluids if prescribed, NG tube for bleeding, lavage, and to keep stomach free of stimuli
How should diet be resumed after acute gastritis?
A) Start with clear fluids when symptoms subside, Gradually reintroduce solids
B) Begin with solid foods and gradually move to liquids
C) Start with high-protein meals and avoid dairy
D) Avoid eating until symptoms completely resolve
A) Start with clear fluids when symptoms subside, Gradually reintroduce solids
What should be monitored in a patient at risk for GI bleeding?
A) Temperature, Pulse, Blood pressure
B) Vital signs frequently, Test vomitus for blood
C) Electrolyte levels and liver function
D) Blood sugar levels and renal function
B) Vital signs frequently, Test vomitus for blood
What is the focus of nursing care for chronic gastritis?
A) Prevent dehydration
B) Identify and eliminate the specific cause, such as alcohol use or certain drugs
C) Promote weight loss
D) Administer antacids only
B) Identify and eliminate the specific cause, such as alcohol use or certain drugs
What lifestyle changes may be necessary for a patient with chronic gastritis?
A) Eat 3 large meals per day
B) Adapt to dietary modifications, Strict adherence to prescribed drug regimens
C) Avoid exercise and outdoor activities
D) Increase alcohol consumption to stimulate gastric juices
B) Adapt to dietary modifications, Strict adherence to prescribed drug regimens
What diet is recommended for some patients with chronic gastritis?
A) A non-irritating diet consisting of 6 small meals per day
B) High-fat, high-protein meals
C) Diet with reduced fiber content
D) Liquid-only diet for 2 weeks
A) A non-irritating diet consisting of 6 small meals per day
How is acute gastritis diagnosed?
A) Based on patient symptoms and the presence of risk factors
B) Blood cultures and imaging studies
C) Serum tests for gastric pH
D) MRI of the abdomen
A) Based on patient symptoms and the presence of risk factors
What tests are done to check for H. pylori infection in gastritis?
A) MRI
B) Breath, urine, serum, stool, and gastric tissue biopsy tests
C) Liver function tests
D) Urinalysis and CBC
B) Breath, urine, serum, stool, and gastric tissue biopsy tests
What lab test can indicate anemia in gastritis?
A) Complete blood count (CBC) may show anemia from blood loss or lack of intrinsic factor
B) Serum potassium levels
C) Blood glucose test
D) C-reactive protein test
A) Complete blood count (CBC) may show anemia from blood loss or lack of intrinsic factor
What tests are done to check for blood in the stool?
A) Blood culture
B) Stool testing for occult blood
C) Colonoscopy
D) Serum testing for hemoglobin
B) Stool testing for occult blood
What blood tests may be done for chronic gastritis?
A) Serum tests for intrinsic factor and antibodies to parietal cells
B) Glucose and cholesterol tests
C) Liver function and lipid profile
D) Coagulation profile and clotting factor tests
A) Serum tests for intrinsic factor and antibodies to parietal cells
What diagnostic test is used to rule out gastric cancer?
A) Endoscopy
B) Tissue biopsy
C) CT scan of the abdomen
D) Serum markers for cancer
B) Tissue biopsy
What is the main goal of drug therapy for gastritis?
A) To reduce gastric mucosal irritation and provide symptomatic relief
B) To increase gastric acid production
C) To promote gastric motility
D) To stop all stomach acid production completely
A) To reduce gastric mucosal irritation and provide symptomatic relief
What medication classes are commonly prescribed for gastritis?
A) Antibiotics only
B) H2 receptor blockers (e.g., ranitidine, famotidine), Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., omeprazole, pantoprazole)
C) Antidepressants and analgesics
D) Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants
B) H2 receptor blockers (e.g., ranitidine, famotidine), Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., omeprazole, pantoprazole)
How do PPIs and H2 receptor blockers help in gastritis?
A) They increase gastric acid secretion
B) They reduce gastric HCl acid secretion, allowing the mucosa to heal
C) They induce vomiting to clear the stomach
D) They absorb stomach acid
B) They reduce gastric HCl acid secretion, allowing the mucosa to heal
What is IBS?
A) An infection of the small intestine
B) A chronic disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel patterns with no known cause
C) Acute diarrhea due to a bacterial infection
D) Colitis caused by inflammatory bowel disease
B) A chronic disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel patterns with no known cause
What factors can trigger IBS symptoms?
A) Psychologic stressors and FODMAP foods
B) High-fat diets and alcohol consumption
C) Stress and spicy foods only
D) Excessive fiber and dairy products
A) Psychologic stressors and FODMAP foods
What foods are high in FODMAPs?
A) Wheat, rye, Certain fruits (apples, pears), Certain vegetables (onions, garlic, cauliflower), Legumes, nuts, Milk products, Honey, corn syrup, Artificial sweeteners
B) Lean meats and fish
C) Green leafy vegetables and rice
D) Low-fat dairy and potatoes
A) Wheat, rye, Certain fruits (apples, pears), Certain vegetables (onions, garlic, cauliflower), Legumes, nuts, Milk products, Honey, corn syrup, Artificial sweeteners
