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adult: raynauds practice Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which of the following are triggers for Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Cold temperatures
    B. Stress
    C. Caffeine
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following are primary assessment findings for Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Pallor
    B. Cyanosis
    C. Tingling
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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3
Q
  1. Why do fingers change color in Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Due to vasospasms
    B. Lack of oxygen
    C. Reperfusion
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following can occur after frequent, prolonged Raynaud’s attacks?
    A. Skin thickening
    B. Brittle nails
    C. Pain
    D. Both A and B
A

D. Both A and B

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5
Q
  1. What is the treatment for Raynaud-related digital ulcers or critical ischemia?
    A. Prostacyclin infusion therapy
    B. Antibiotics
    C. Analgesics
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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6
Q
  1. What is a potential complication of Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Gangrene
    B. Digital ulceration
    C. Stroke
    D. Pulmonary embolism
A

B. Digital ulceration

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7
Q
  1. What should a nurse educate a patient with Raynaud’s phenomenon about?
    A. Avoiding temperature extremes
    B. Wearing warm gloves in cold weather
    C. Smoking cessation
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following is considered a severe complication requiring intervention in Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Numbness
    B. Digital ulceration
    C. Tingling
    D. Swelling
A

B. Digital ulceration

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9
Q
  1. When is sympathectomy considered in Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. For severe cases refractory to treatment
    B. When patient has hypertension
    C. When there is digital ulceration
    D. For mild cases
A

A. For severe cases refractory to treatment

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10
Q
  1. What medications are typically prescribed for Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. Calcium channel blockers
    B. Beta blockers
    C. Nitroglycerin ointment
    D. Both A and C
A

D. Both A and C

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11
Q
  1. How do calcium channel blockers help with Raynaud’s phenomenon?
    A. By relaxing smooth muscles of arterioles
    B. By reducing vasospasms
    C. By improving blood flow
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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12
Q
  1. What is the primary complication associated with the use of nitroglycerin ointment?
    A. Tachycardia
    B. Hypotension with ED medications
    C. Hyperglycemia
    D. Increased blood pressure
A

B. Hypotension with ED medications

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following medications may lessen the severity of Raynaud’s phenomenon? (Select all that apply)
    A. Statins
    B. Botulinum toxin A
    C. Antidepressants
    D. Calcium channel blockers
A

A. Statins, B. Botulinum toxin A, D. Calcium channel blockers

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14
Q
  1. What is Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)?
    A. A condition of arterial narrowing
    B. A condition of venous dilation
    C. A condition of heart failure
    D. A clot in the venous system
A

A. A condition of arterial narrowing

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of PAD? (Select all that apply)
    A. Intermittent claudication
    B. Tightness
    C. Cyanosis
    D. Pallor when elevated
A

A. Intermittent claudication, B. Tightness, D. Pallor when elevated

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16
Q
  1. What is the 5 P’s neurovascular assessment for PAD?
    A. Pain, pallor, pulse, paralysis, paresthesia
    B. Pain, pressure, pulse, pallor, paralysis
    C. Pain, pallor, pulse, perspiration, paralysis
    D. Pain, pallor, pulse, paresis, parasthesia
A

A. Pain, pallor, pulse, paralysis, paresthesia

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following is a common medical treatment for PAD?
    A. Angioplasty
    B. Statins
    C. Amputation
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

18
Q
  1. What is an important nursing intervention for PAD?
    A. Assess pedal pulses using Doppler
    B. Provide compression stockings
    C. Encourage a high-fat diet
    D. Decrease fluid intake
A

A. Assess pedal pulses using Doppler

19
Q
  1. What is a common complication of PAD treatments?
    A. Hematoma
    B. Pulmonary embolism
    C. Sepsis
    D. Stroke
A

A. Hematoma

20
Q
  1. Which diagnostic tests are used for PAD? (Select all that apply)
    A. Doppler ultrasound
    B. Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
    C. Chest X-ray
    D. Blood culture
A

A. Doppler ultrasound, B. Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

21
Q
  1. What medications are commonly prescribed for PAD?
    A. ACE inhibitors
    B. Antiplatelet agents
    C. Calcium channel blockers
    D. Both A and B
A

D. Both A and B

22
Q
  1. What is Virchow’s Triad?
    A. Conditions contributing to thrombus formation
    B. Three stages of heart failure
    C. Risk factors for hypertension
    D. Symptoms of Raynaud’s phenomenon
A

A. Conditions contributing to thrombus formation

23
Q
  1. Which of the following are common signs of VTE?
    A. Pain in the calf
    B. Swelling
    C. Redness
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

24
Q
  1. What is the 5 P’s neurovascular assessment for VTE?
    A. Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulse, paralysis
    B. Pain, pressure, pulse, pallor, paralysis
    C. Pain, pallor, pulse, perspiration, paralysis
    D. Pain, pallor, pulse, paresis, parasthesia
A

A. Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulse, paralysis

25
25. Which of the following is a treatment for VTE? A. Thrombectomy B. Catheter-directed thrombolysis C. Vena cava filters D. All of the above
D. All of the above
26
26. What are major complications of VTE? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Stroke C. Heart failure D. Hypertension
A. Pulmonary embolism
27
27. Which diagnostic tests are used for VTE? (Select all that apply) A. Duplex ultrasound B. D-dimer test C. Chest X-ray D. CT scan
A. Duplex ultrasound, B. D-dimer test
28
28. What medications are commonly prescribed for VTE? A. Heparin B. Vitamin K antagonists C. Thrombin inhibitors D. All of the above
D. All of the above
29
29. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for VTE? (Select all that apply) A. Early mobilization B. Use of compression stockings C. Applying heat to the affected area D. Use of an electric shaver
A. Early mobilization, B. Use of compression stockings, D. Use of an electric shaver
30
30. What major complication can arise from VTE? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Stroke C. Hemorrhagic shock D. Arterial rupture
A. Pulmonary embolism
31
31. What is the initial goal of treatment for VTE? A. Prevention of new clot formation B. Clot removal C. Pain relief D. Increase blood flow
A. Prevention of new clot formation
32
32. Case Study: A 65-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with bilateral leg pain, pale skin, and absent pedal pulses. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. PAD B. Raynaud’s phenomenon C. VTE D. Gangrene
A. PAD
33
33. A patient with Raynaud's phenomenon complains of frequent cold-induced episodes of finger color changes. What nursing intervention is most appropriate? A. Encourage the use of heating pads on hands B. Educate on wearing protective clothing in cold weather C. Recommend a high-salt diet D. Advise smoking cessation
B. Educate on wearing protective clothing in cold weather
34
34. Which medication is primarily used to treat critical ischemia in Raynaud’s phenomenon? A. ACE inhibitors B. Prostacyclin infusion C. Nitroglycerin ointment D. Calcium channel blockers
B. Prostacyclin infusion
35
35. A patient with PAD has a Doppler ultrasound result showing decreased blood flow. What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Teach the patient foot care and inspection B. Monitor for chest pain C. Apply compression stockings D. Initiate a low-salt diet
A. Teach the patient foot care and inspection
36
36. A patient is diagnosed with VTE and placed on heparin. What is the most important assessment to monitor? A. Blood pressure B. Blood glucose levels C. INR and aPTT levels D. Oxygen saturation
C. INR and aPTT levels
37
37. A patient with VTE is prescribed anticoagulation therapy. What is a priority nursing consideration? A. Risk for bleeding B. Risk for infection C. Risk for constipation D. Risk for dehydration
A. Risk for bleeding
38
38. What should be avoided with nitroglycerin ointment in Raynaud's phenomenon? A. Excessive alcohol intake B. Smoking C. Erectile dysfunction medications D. Caffeine
C. Erectile dysfunction medications
39
39. What is a major complication of untreated PAD? A. Stroke B. Necrosis C. MI D. Pulmonary embolism
B. Necrosis
40
40. A 70-year-old male presents with leg ulcers, pallor, and absent pulses in the lower extremities. The ABI test is 0.4. What is the likely diagnosis? A. PAD B. VTE C. Raynaud’s phenomenon D. Heart failure

adult 1 (60 decks)

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