adult 1: TB Flashcards
What organism causes tuberculosis?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
How is TB transmitted?
Airborne droplets
What forms in the lungs due to TB infection?
Tubercles in the bronchioles and alveoli
What happens to tubercles over time?
They heal and become scar tissue
List common symptoms of TB.
Fever, persistent productive cough, fatigue, chills, anorexia, night sweats, dyspnea, hemoptysis, crackles
What should you assess for in a TB patient’s history?
Recent travel, living conditions, employment (e.g., institutions), immunosuppression
What type of precautions are used for TB patients?
Airborne precautions
What kind of mask should nurses wear when caring for TB patients?
N95 respirator (with FIT test)
What type of room should a TB patient be placed in?
Negative pressure room
What is Direct Observation Therapy (DOT)?
Supervised administration of antibiotics to ensure compliance
Why is patient education about isolation important in TB care?
To prevent the spread of TB to others
Why is notifying the public health department important in TB cases?
TB is a reportable infectious disease
What lifestyle change should be encouraged in TB patients?
Smoking cessation
What is Primary TB?
TB bacteria are inhaled and inflammation has occurred
What is Latent TB?
No active disease; infection present without symptoms
What is Reactivated TB?
TB recurrence two or more years after the initial infection
What are the two types of TB by location?
Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary
What is TB Classification 0?
No TB exposure
What is TB Classification 1?
TB exposure, no infection
What is TB Classification 2?
Latent TB infection, no disease
What is TB Classification 3?
TB, clinically active
What is TB Classification 4?
TB, not clinically active
What is TB Classification 5?
TB suspect
How is the Tuberculin Skin Test (PPD) administered?
PPD is injected intradermally and evaluated after 48–72 hours for a raised area
