HF + CMP practice Flashcards
1
Q
- What is heart failure?
A. Hypertension crisis
B. Inability of heart to pump enough blood
C. Acute kidney injury
D. Inflammation of myocardium
A
B
2
Q
- (SATA) In left-sided HF, the following symptoms occur:
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Peripheral edema
C. Crackles
D. JVD
A
A, C
3
Q
- In right-sided HF, blood backs up into the:
A. Arteries
B. Lungs
C. Venous system
D. Brain
A
C
4
Q
- (SATA) Key symptoms of left-sided HF include:
A. Pink frothy sputum
B. Peripheral edema
C. Shallow respirations
D. S3/S4 heart sounds
A
A, C, D
5
Q
- (SATA) Key symptoms of right-sided HF include:
A. JVD
B. Weight gain
C. Hepatomegaly
D. Crackles
A
A, B, C
6
Q
- A patient with fatigue, nonproductive cough, and pallor likely has:
A. Right-sided HF
B. Left-sided HF
C. Cardiomyopathy
D. MI
A
B
7
Q
- Which symptom is most specific to right-sided HF?
A. Crackles
B. Peripheral edema
C. Nonproductive cough
D. Dyspnea
A
B
8
Q
- Common symptoms of HF patients include:
A. Sleep disturbances
B. Fever
C. Seizures
D. Polyuria
A
A
9
Q
- (SATA) Important nursing interventions for HF include:
A. Monitor I&O
B. Educate on low sodium diet
C. Encourage fried food intake
D. Provide O₂ therapy
A
A, B, D
10
Q
- What is pleural effusion in HF?
A. Fluid trapped in lung tissue
B. Fluid trapped in pleural space
C. Air in pleural cavity
D. Blood in alveoli
A
B
11
Q
- Hepatomegaly in HF is caused by:
A. Arterial backup
B. Fluid loss
C. Venous congestion
D. Liver infection
A
C
12
Q
- What is cardiorenal syndrome?
A. High blood pressure affecting kidneys
B. Decreased renal perfusion due to HF
C. Kidney infection from heart failure
D. Increased GFR and sodium loss
A
B
13
Q
- Why does anemia occur in HF?
A. Low iron intake
B. Decreased erythropoietin production
C. Blood loss
D. Liver failure
A
B
14
Q
- (SATA) Diagnostic tests for HF include:
A. EKG
B. Echocardiogram
C. Cardiac stress test
D. Liver ultrasound
A
A, B, C
15
Q
- BNP elevation in HF indicates:
A. Dehydration
B. Increased cardiac stress
C. Liver damage
D. High oxygenation
A
B
16
Q
- Which medication helps reduce preload and afterload in HF?
A. Diuretics
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Morphine
D. Positive inotropes
A
B
17
Q
- (SATA) Medications commonly prescribed for HF include:
A. Vasodilators
B. Beta blockers
C. Antibiotics
D. ARBs
A
A, B, D
18
Q
- What device helps failing hearts by pumping blood?
A. Defibrillator
B. LVAD
C. Pacemaker
D. ICD
A
B
19
Q
- What is cardiomyopathy (CMP)?
A. Valve disease
B. Disease of the pericardium
C. Myocardial disease affecting structure/function
D. Congenital heart defect
A
C
20
Q
- Primary cardiomyopathy means:
A. Caused by another disease
B. Result of heart surgery
C. Idiopathic myocardial condition
D. Secondary to infection
A
C
21
Q
- Secondary cardiomyopathy is caused by:
A. Unknown reasons
B. Another disease process
C. Aging
D. Environmental toxins only
A
B
22
Q
- (SATA) Types of CMP include:
A. Dilated CMP
B. Hypertrophic CMP
C. Restrictive CMP
D. Congestive CMP
A
A, B, C
23
Q
- In dilated CMP, what happens?
A. One ventricle enlarges
B. All 4 chambers enlarge
C. Only right atrium enlarges
D. Only left ventricle enlarges
A
B
24
Q
- Hypertrophic CMP is characterized by:
A. Thin ventricle walls
B. Thickened ventricle walls
C. Fluid accumulation in pericardium
D. Widened atria
A
B
25
Q
- Restrictive CMP causes:
A. Heart valves to calcify
B. Right ventricle not to stretch properly
C. Pulmonary artery narrowing
D. Endocardial infection
A
B
26
Q
- (SATA) Symptoms of CMP include:
A. Dyspnea
B. Fatigue
C. Seizures
D. Dysrhythmias
A
A, B, D
27
Q
- JVD and weight gain suggest:
A. Left HF
B. Dilated CMP
C. Right HF
D. Pulmonary hypertension
A
C
28
Q
- Insidious onset and vague symptoms are typical of:
A. Heart failure
B. Cardiomyopathy
C. Stroke
D. Renal failure
A
B
29
Q
- Nursing interventions for CMP patients include:
A. Strict bedrest
B. Cardiac rehab education
C. Discourage exercise
D. Encourage high sodium diet
A
B
30
Q
- CMP patients should avoid:
A. High sodium
B. Caffeine
C. Heavy lifting
D. (All of the above)
A
D
31
Q
- Why is CPR training recommended for CMP families?
A. To assist with medication
B. To respond to sudden cardiac arrest
C. To recognize signs of stroke
D. To prevent hospital readmission
A
B
32
Q
- Which device delivers shocks for life-threatening arrhythmias?
A. Pacemaker
B. LVAD
C. ICD
D. CVAD
A
C
33
Q
- (SATA) Diagnostic tests for CMP include:
A. Echocardiogram
B. Troponin levels
C. Chest X-ray
D. Liver biopsy
A
A, B, C
34
Q
- Elevated troponin and BNP suggest:
A. Liver failure
B. Myocardial damage
C. Pneumonia
D. Pulmonary embolism
A
B
35
Q
- A chest X-ray in CMP may show:
A. Lung collapse
B. Normal lung fields
C. Enlarged heart
D. Pleural effusion only
A
C
36
Q
- Beta blockers help in CMP by:
A. Increasing heart rate
B. Decreasing heart rate and oxygen demand
C. Reducing blood viscosity
D. Increasing preload
A
B
37
Q
- Diuretics help CMP patients by:
A. Increasing fluid volume
B. Reducing fluid overload
C. Preventing clotting
D. Increasing blood pressure
A
B
38
Q
- Calcium channel blockers work by:
A. Raising blood pressure
B. Constricting vessels
C. Relaxing vessels and improving blood flow
D. Increasing cardiac contractility
A
C
39
Q
- Anticoagulants are prescribed in CMP to:
A. Increase clotting
B. Prevent clot formation
C. Enhance bleeding
D. Lower blood pressure
A
B
40
Q
- Digitalis benefits CMP by:
A. Reducing contractility
B. Improving cardiac output
C. Causing vasoconstriction
D. Increasing potassium levels
A
B
