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Gastrointestinal > Gastric Carcinoma > Flashcards

Gastric Carcinoma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common type of gastric carcinoma?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

What does adenocarcinoma affect?

A

Mucus secreting cells of gastric pits

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3
Q

What mutation is associated with gastric carcinoma?

A

P53 gene

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4
Q

What is the main RF for gastric carcinoma?

A

Persistent H. pylori infection

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5
Q

What does a persistent H. Pylori infection lead to?

A

Destruction of gastric glands

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6
Q

What are other possible risk factors of gastric carcinoma?

A

Smoking and Alcohol

Diet high in nitrates

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7
Q

How does gastric carcinoma present?

A

Dyspepsia
Weight loss
Nausea/ vomiting

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8
Q

What are red flag symptoms of gastric carcinoma?

A

Dysphasia
Iron deficiency anaemia
Epigastric mass

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9
Q

How is gastric carcinoma diagnosed?

A

Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy with biopsy

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10
Q

What would you see on an endoscopy of someone with gastric carcinoma?

A

Signet ring cells

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11
Q

What would you see on an endoscopy of someone with gastric carcinoma?

A

Signet ring cells

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12
Q

What is used for staging gastric carcinoma?

A

CT chest, abdomen and pelvis

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13
Q

What is the surgical management of gastric carcinoma?

A

Gastrectomy (endoscopic mucosal resection)

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14
Q

What is the medical management of gastric carcinoma?

A

Combination Chemotherapy (cisplatin)

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15
Q

Where does gastric carcinoma metastasise to?

A

Transcoelomic- Ovaries

Local and lymphatic spread

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16
Q

What is the term for cancer that spreads to the ovaries?

A

Krukenberg tumour

17
Q

What is the prognosis of gastric carcinoma?

A

20%

18
Q

How does a typical patient present?

A

Indigestion which isn’t improved with PPI’s

19
Q

What 2 lymph nodes does gastric cancer spread to?

A

left supraclavicular lymph node (Virchow’s node)
periumbilical nodule (Sister Mary Joseph’s node)

20
Q

What does an increased number of signet ring cells indicate?

A

A worse prognosis

21
Q

What are the main RF for gastric carcinoma?

A

Smoking
Pernicious anaemia
H. pylori infection
High alcohol intake (> 6 units per day)
Dietary nitrosamine

22
Q

When would you refer someone urgently for gastric carcinoma (within 2 weeks)?

A

Dysphagia (at any age)
Aged 55 and over with weight loss AND
–Upper abdominal pain OR reflux OR dyspepsia
–Upper abdominal mass consistent with stomach cancer

Gastrointestinal (65 decks)

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