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Gastrointestinal > NAFLD > Flashcards

NAFLD Flashcards

1
Q

What does NAFLD stand for?

A

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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2
Q

What is NAFLD due to?

A

Fat deposits can interfere with the functioning of the liver cells.

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3
Q

What is NAFLD the most common form of?

A

Liver disease in the developed world

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4
Q

When does NAFLD start to become a problem?

A

When it progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis

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5
Q

What are the stages of NAFLD?

A

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
Fibrosis
Cirrhosis

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6
Q

What is steatosis?

A

Fat in the liver

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7
Q

What is steatohepatitis?

A

Fat with inflammation

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8
Q

What does NAFLD form part of?

A

“metabolic syndrome” group

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9
Q

What is the metabolic syndrome group?

A

Group of chronic health conditions relating to processing and storing energy that increase risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes

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10
Q

What do the metabolic syndrome group increase the risk of?

A

Heart disease
Stroke
Diabetes

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11
Q

What are the main 2 causes of NAFLD?

A

obesity
type 2 diabetes mellitus

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12
Q

What are the main features of NAFLD?

A

usually asymptomatic
hepatomegaly
ALT is typically greater than AST
increased echogenicity on ultrasound

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13
Q

What will be increased on an ultrasound in someone wit NAFLD?

A

Increased echogenicity

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14
Q

Is someone with NAFLD usually symptomatic?

A

No- asymptomatic

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15
Q

What might be enlarged in someone with NAFLD?

A

The liver

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16
Q

How can NAFLD be diagnosed?

A

Ultrasound- fatty changes

17
Q

What is the first line test that can be used to assess the extent of the fibrosis in somone with NAFLD?

A

Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) blood test

18
Q

What is the problem with teh enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) blood test?

A

It isn’t available everywhere

19
Q

What can be used for assessing liver fibrosis when ELF is not available?

A

NAFLD fibrosis score

20
Q

How is the NAFLD fibrosis score calculated?

A

Based on an algorithm of age, BMI, liver enzymes, platelets, albumin and diabetes

21
Q

What is the function of the NAFLD fibrosis score?

A

Helpful in ruling out fibrosis but not assessing the severity when present.

22
Q

What is the third line assesssment of fibrosis in NAFLD?

A

Fibroscan

23
Q

What is a fibroscan?

A

Ultrasound that measures the stiffness of the liver and gives an indication of fibrosis

24
Q

When is a fibroscan carried out?

A

When ELF or NAFLD fibrosis score indicates firbosis

25
Q

What is the main management of NAFLD?

A

Weight loss

26
Q

What other treatment might someone with NAFLDL recieve?

A

Vitamin E
Pioglitazone

27
Q

What is NAFLD thought to represent?

A

The hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and hence insulin resistance is thought to be the key mechanism leading to steatosis.

28
Q

What blood tests reults might indicate NAFLD?

A

ALT is typically greater than AST

Gastrointestinal (65 decks)

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