Final Exam Chapter 11 review

Question 1

How does the adrenal medulla contribute to sympathetic function?

Answer 1

It secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine into the bloodstream and causes a widespread response even in tissues not innervated by sympathetic postganglionic fibers. EFFECTS LAST LONG

Question 2

What are the 3 ways that the sympathetic nervous system causes widespread and lingering effects?

Answer 2

1. one preganglionic neuron stimulation usually synapses with many ganglionic neurons and causes a widespread response to many organs
2. Happens in the adrenal medulla and secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine into the bloodstream and creates a widespread effect and lingers
3. Varicosities, when a nerve is stimulated it goes to the varicosities and releases norepinephrine and goes and does its thing

Question 3

What are the general effectors for adrenal medulla parasympathetic ganglia?

Answer 3

Adrenal medulla

Question 4

What neurotransmitter is ALWAYS used between the postganglionic fiber and the target organ cells?`

Answer 4

Norepinephrine called adrenergic because it uses norepinephrine

Question 5

Define nicotinic receptors

Answer 5

It is an ionotropic receptor (a channel) and is an excitable receptor

Question 6

What neurotransmitter binds to nicotinic receptors? How does it respond?

Answer 6

Acetylcholine ALWAYS USES IT

It responds in an excitable way

Question 7

What system uses adrenergic receptors?

Answer 7

They sympathetic

Question 8

Define muscarinic receptors

Answer 8

Where the receptor binds to it and uses a G protein and uses cascade effects to do its thing

Question 9

What neurotransmitter binds to muscarinic receptors? How does it respond?

Answer 9

Acetylcholine

Response: Have long lasting effects but ALWAYS EXCITE OR INHIBIT