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Physiology lecture > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of anatomy?

A

THe study of the structure of body parts and their relationship with one another

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2
Q

What is the definition of physiology?

A

The study of how the body performs

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3
Q

What is the definition of Pathophysiology?

A

The study of disorder of functioning

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4
Q

Explain red blood cells in anatomy, physiological, and pathophysiological terms

A

You got this don’t even need an answer. BUT MAKE SURE TO DO IT

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5
Q

What is the definition of interstitial fluid?

A

It is a liquid that surrounds cells, and is in the spaces between cells.

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6
Q

What is the definition of Intracellular fluid

A

It is liquid that is found inside of cells.

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7
Q

What is the definition of Equilibrium

A

Different components of the body that are equal

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8
Q

What is the definition of Dynamic steady state

A

Where the system stays in a stable state but constantly undergoes change.

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9
Q

What is the definition of Cellular differentiation

A

Where a cell changes to become another type of cell.

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10
Q

What is the definition of Totipotent stem cells

A

It is a type of stem cell that can turn into any supportive or adult cells.

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11
Q

What is the definition of Pluripotent stem cells

A

A type of stem cell that is able to change into any different cells in adult bodies only

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12
Q

What is the definition of multipotent stem cells

A

A type of adult stem cell that changes into different specific cell lineages

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13
Q

What is the definition of intrinsic regulation

A

It is a basic automatic response where it uses tissues, cells, and organs to continue staying in homeostasis

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14
Q

What is the definition of extrinsic regulation

A

Maintains homeostasis by the help of the nervous/endocrine system

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15
Q

What is the definition of negative feedback

A

When the body responds to something it goes against that response. So, it can get the body back to its steady state.

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16
Q

What is the definition of positive feedback

A

When the body responds to something and amplifies that response instead of going against the response. It goes back to a homeostatic state when the situation is over.

17
Q

What are the levels of organization in order? (6)

A

Chemical
Cell
Tissue
Organ
System
Organism

18
Q

What is the definition of chemical in the levels of organization?

A

Atoms and molecules that make up the building blocks of life. NON LIVING

19
Q

What is the definition of Cell in the levels of organization?

A

Basic unit of structure and function of living things

20
Q

What is the definition of Tissue in the levels of organization?

A

A group of similar cells that do the same function

21
Q

What is the definition of Organ in the levels of organization?

A

A group of two or more tissues that do the same function

22
Q

What is the definition of System in the levels of organization?

A

A group of organs that work together to perform the same functions

23
Q

What is the definition of Organism in the levels of organization?

A

Systems working together in coordination

24
Q

What is the differences between epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue?

A

Epithelial- Covers and lines
Connective- supports and gives structure
Muscle- movement
Nervous- control through conduction

25
Q

What is the definition of Homeostasis?

A

Unchanging, the bodies ability to maintain stable internal conditions even though there is continuous change

26
Q

Name all 11 organ systems (MURDER IN SLC)

A
  1. Muscular
  2. Urinary
  3. Respiratory
  4. Digestive
  5. Endocrine
  6. Reproductive
  7. Integumentary
  8. Nervous
  9. Skeletal
  10. Lymphatic
  11. Cardiovascular
27
Q

What is the difference between equilibrium and steady state?

A

Equilibrium- This is a state where things are balanced and not changing

Steady state- This is when things are changing, but they’re doing so at a consistent rate, so the overall system looks stable

28
Q

What are some examples of the difference between equilibrium and steady state?

A

Equilibrium- if you have a cup of water sitting still, it’s in equilibrium if the water level stays constant and there’s no movement.

Steady state- if you have a river flowing into a lake at the same rate that water is flowing out, the lake’s water level stays the same, even though the water is constantly moving.

29
Q

What is the definition of Homeostatic regulation?

A

The adjustment of physiological systems to maintain homeostasis

30
Q

What is the definition of intrinsic regulation?

A

A simple automatic response of organs, tissues, and cells to maintain homeostasis

31
Q

What is the definition of extrinsic regulation?

A

Requires help from the nervous or endocrine system to maintain homeostasis

32
Q

What are the 5 parts of homeostatic regulation in systems?

A
  1. Stimulus
  2. Receptor (sends input signal)
  3. Control center (sends output signal)
  4. Effector
  5. Response
33
Q

Describe the 5 parts of homeostatic regulation in systems (definitions)

A
  1. Stimulus- change in the external environment
  2. Receptor (sends input signal)- whatever is sensitive to a particular stimulus
  3. Control center (sends output signal)- Receives and processes the information sent from the cell or organ that responds to the control center command
  4. Effector- cell or organ that responds to the control center command
  5. Response- Restoration of homeostatic set point
34
Q

What is the definition of the homeostasis set point?

A

Range of desired value affected by antagonistic effectors

35
Q

what is the set point in humans for blood pH, blood pressure, and body temperature

A

Blood pH7.35-7.45
Blood pressure: below 120/ and below 80
Body temperature: 98.8 degrees fahrenheit

Physiology lecture (37 decks)

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