Final Exam - Calf Fractures

Question 1

what are some examples of forces causing fractures?

Answer 1

tension, compression, bending, shear, torsion, combination

Question 2

what are the salter harris classifications?

Answer 2

type 1 - physis

type 2 - physis metaphysis

type 3 - physis epiphysis

type 4 - physis epiphysis metaphysis

type 5 - crush injury

Question 3

why is the metacarpus a common place for a physeal fracture?

Answer 3

dystocia/chain injury

Question 4

how can you treat a metacarpus physeal fracture?

Answer 4

generally heals well with half limb cast

Question 5

what is the rule for stabilizing fractures with casts?

Answer 5

stabilize the joint above & the joint below

Question 6

what are some ways we see fracture failures from inadequate technique?

Answer 6

too much or too little padding & failure to neutralize the forces acting on the fracture

Question 7

what are 3 patient characteristics for fractures?

Answer 7

weight/bcs

temperament

will to live

Question 8

what are the 3 goals of fracture fixation?

Answer 8

1. precise anatomic construction
2. rigid internal fixation
3. early return to normal weight bearing/function

Question 9

T/F: a livestock animal that has orthopedic implants can never enter the food supply

Answer 9

true

Question 10

T/F: the foot should always be included in a cast

Answer 10

true

Question 11

what is the reparative phase of bone healing?

Answer 11

2-12 months - very sensitive to mechanical stimuli

Question 12

what are 3 common fractures that occur in calves?

Answer 12

salter harris types I-III, capital physeal fracture

Question 13

what are the steps of applying a cast?

Answer 13

sedate animal

stockinette placement & thick felt

cast padding

cast material

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