Exam 3 - Abomasal Disorders Flashcards
what is the ‘classical’ abomasal impaction animal?
beef cattle on poor forage diets
what is the pathogenesis of classical abomasal impaction?
firm viscus in right anterioventral abdomen - hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
how is classical abomasal impaction treated?
abomasotomy - poor success rate
T/F: it is more common to see abomasal impaction secondary to TRP than the ‘classical’ presentation
true
what is the most common presentation of abomasal impacttion?
post partum dairy cattle in the first 4 weeks after calving attributed to dietary changes that occur around calving
how is abomasal impaction secondary to TRP treated?
lavage the abomasum through rumenotomy, use mineral oil or psyllium - poor success rate
what are the clinical signs of abomasal impaction in post partum dairy cattle?
poor appetite, ketosis, floating LDA suspects
what is the surgical & medical treatment for abomasal impaction in post partum dairy cattle?
surgical - manual breakdown
medical - fluids & mineral oil/psyllium
what are the 3 main causes of abomasal impaction?
- classical - beef cattle on poor forage diets
- secondary to TRP
- post partum dairy cattle
what sheep breed is associated with having an abomasal emptying defect?
suffolk breed
where are the common ulcer locations for calves (beef/veal/dairy/feedlot)?
beef - mid fundus on greater curvature
veal - pyloric antrum
feedlot - pyloric region
dairy calves - fundic region
if an animal has only an ulcer (no blood loss), what clinical signs may be seen?
decreased appetite/milk production, bruxism, salivation, mild abdominal pain
if an animal has only an ulcer with blood loss, what clinical signs may be seen?
weakness, hemorrhagic shock, melena
decreased appetite/milk production, bruxism, salivation, mild abdominal pain
what are some causes of abomasal ulcers?
not entirely known - low abomasal pH (off feed - not influenced by trichobezoars), & decreased abomasal blood flow
what clinical signs are seen in an animal with an ulcer & peritonitis?
increased WBC in peritoneal fluid, local peritonitis, diffuse peritonitis, & recumbent with expiratory groan
if an animal has a gi ulcer that is causing symptoms, what treatment should be used?
get the animal to eat!!!!! saliva production/buffer
if an animal has a gi ulcer that is bleeding, what treatment should be used?
antibiotics, oral antacids, blood transfusions, get animal to eat
if an animal has a gi ulcer that has perforated, what treatment should be used?
antibiotics
what is the suggested etiology of C3 ulcers in camelids?
unclear - stress, concurrent disease, heavy concentrate feeding, NSAIDS
what is the pathogenesis of C3 ulcers in camelids?
speculative - poor blood flow & localized trauma
**camelid C3 anatomy
what treatment has proven efficacy for C3 ulcers in camelids?
pantoprazole - 1mg/kg IV SID; 1-2 mg/kg SQ SID
what treatment has been shown not to work for C3 ulcers in camelids?
cimetidine, ranitidine, & oral omeprazole
how can C3 ulcers be diagnosed in camelids?
ultrasound, endoscopy, bloodwork (anemia/hypoproteinemia), fecal occult blood, & serum pepsinogen
what clinical signs are associated with C3 ulcers in camelids?
can be asymptomatic
anorexia/intermittent eating, anemia, depression, pain on abdominal palpation, & laying with feet to the side
what is the most effective treatment for a bleeding ulcer? why?
get the animal to eat - food works as a buffer & increase abomasal luminal pH
what are some sequelae of perforating ulcers?
fistula formation to diaphragm, abdominal wall, reticulum, omasum, & liver with localized peritonitis
where is C3 in camelids? what does it do?
long tubular structure that lies in the caudoventral abdomen on the right side of the animal - the first 60-80% of its length has fermentative capacity while the distal portion is acid secreting
where do ulcers in C3 occur in camelids?
distal acid secreting portion
