Female genital organs Flashcards
internal/external female gen.organs
-internal;
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina,
internal/external female gen.organs
-internal;
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
-external;
mons pubis, labia majora/minora, vaginal vestibule, clitoris, bulbus vestibuli og gr.vestibular glands
Ovary
- Reproductive organs (site of oogenesis)
- Endocrine gland (prod. estrogen + progesterone)
- Size in woman in child bearing age; 4x3x2
Ovary, position.
-lies just adjac. to lateral pelvic wall. Just below pelvic inlet
- In nulliparous women: it lies in ovarian fossa (in front of ureter and internal iliac vessels)
- After pregnancy; it lies behind ureter and internal iliac fossa
Mesovary - peritoneal duplication
-Connects ovary to posterior surf of broad ligg.
contains vessels + nerves
Mesovary - peritoneal duplication
-Connects ovary to posterior surf of broad ligg.
contains vessels + nerves
Ovary, external surf
- Smooth og small before puberty
- Adult child bearing women, uneven surf marked by growing follicles
- Post-menopausal ovary, involution
Ovary, external surf
- Smooth og small before puberty
- Adult child bearing women, uneven surf marked by growing follicles
- Post-menopausal ovary, involution
Ovary, external surf frh
a) Lateral surf; oriented tow. lateral pelvic wall
b) medial surf; partly cov. by uterine tube.
- Right ovary–>in contact w ileum + appendix
- Left ovary–> in contact w sigmoid colon.
- Free border
- Mesovarian border: mesovarium arises from it, og er att to broad ligg.
- Tubal extremity; snýr superiorly. Cov w fimbrae of uterine tube
- Uterine extremity; snýr inferiorly. Att to horn of uterus by ligg. of ovary
Ovary, ligaments
- Suspensory ligg. of ovary; asc. from tubal extremity upwards
- ->Er untrue ligament. Its only the peritoneal fold above the ovarian vessels.
-Proper ligg. of ovary; runs milli uterine extremity of ovary and horn of uterus
Ovary, internal structure
a) Germinal epithelium (misnomer; ekki source of germ cells)
: covers surf. of ovary.
Transition milli germinal epith og peritoneum, marked by white line around mesovarian border
b) Tunica albuginea; Firm, collagenous coat. Lies beint undir germinal epith.
c) Cortex; m ovarian follicles at various stages of development and corpora lutea + their degenerative remnants.
d) Medulla; highly vascular tissue
- -> veins + spiral aa, enter hilum from mesovarium.
ovary, supply
Blood supply;
a) Ovarian artery (arises from abd.aorta, cause ovaries were dev. inside abd.cavity)
b) partially Ovarian br. from Uterine artery
L.drainage; Lumbar l.nodes
Nerve supply; Ovarian plx (m parasymp fibers from vagus n and symp fibers)
Uterine tube (salpinx)
- Um 10-12cm, rúmmál 0,5 cm
- It transmits ova from ovary to uterus *fertilization site
- Located in upper free border of broad ligg.
- -> att. thru mesosalpinx
- intraperitoneal
*External lýsing:
Uterine opening - opens into uterus
Abd. opening - opens into peritoneal cav.
Uterine tube, parts
1) infundibulum; funnel shaped expansion of abd. end.
* Með fimbrae
* *Ovarian fimbriae longest of all, er firmly att to ovary
2) ampulla; thin walled, dilated, lateral part. Most common site of fertilization
3) Isthmus; narrow, medial part
4) uterine part; narrowest, short part. Traverses uterine wall.
Uterine tube, relations og structure
- Left uterine tube; sigmoid colon
- Right uterine tube; ileum og appendix
- Structure;
a) muc. coat; folded into numerous folds
b) muscular.coat; smooth muscle
c) serous coat; peritoneum *intraperitoneal
Uterine tube, supply
Blood supply;
-Tubal br of ovarian and uterine aa.
L.drainage;
-Iliac og sacral l.nodes
Nerve supply;
-Ovarian and uterovaginal autonom. plx
Uterus (greek; hystera, metra)
m.a–> conduit for sperm transport, implantation site for fertilized ova, placentation, growth+dev. of fetus, delivery.
ca 9x4x3 cm, 50gr in nulliparous women
*size varies; smá stækkar during menstrual cycle.
pregnancy g stækkað í 1kg
postmenopausal uterus diminishes
**position also varies; w. stage of urinary bladder og rectum
Position=
-In lesser pelvis
-milli bladder og rectum–> separated from them by
vesicouterine pouch og rectouterine pouch
Uterus
Is cov. by peritoneum, that forms serous coat of uterus
–> intraperitoneal
-Broad ligg. of uterus;
At uterine margins, peritoneum from anterior vesical surf + from posterior intestinal surf. fuses
–> forming peritoneal duplication(broad ligg. of uterus)
It ext. from uterine margins of uterus to lateral pelv.walls
Uterus, relations og external lýsing
Relations; Urinary bladder, Rectum, Sigmoid colon, Ileum
*It is pear shaped, flattened anteroposteriorly
**parts= body, isthmus og cervix
uterus, body
anteroposteriorly flat.
sup wider og inf narrower.
- Surfaces:
a) Vesical surf; snýr að bladder, cov by peritoneum. Separated from bladder by vesicouterine pouch.
b) Intestinal surf; snýr upwards+backwards, cov by peritoneum.
Sep from rectum by rectouterine pouch.
Related to; Coils of ileum, sigmoid colon og rectum
-Margins; broad ligg. conn. margins to lateral pelv.walls
-Horns; here uterine tubes enter uterus
*Below the horns, ligg are att–>
anteriorly round ligament of uterus
posteriorly proper ligg. of ovary
-Fundus; upper convexity above level of uterine horns
(palpation of fundus, utan á maga, growing uterus during pregnancy)
uterus, isthmus
-Narrow, 1cm long part, milli body og cervix
-Canal of isthmus, a part of cervical canal in nulliparous women
, en parous women er það p. of the cavity of uterus body
uterus, cervix
er less moveable than the body–>more att. to pelv.wall by ligg.
- Cervix subdivided by att. of vagina, into;
a) upper, supravaginal portion
b) lower, vaginal portion (projects into vagina. Encircled by circular space called vaginal fornix)
*Vaginal portion of cervix; shows ostium of cervical canal (ostium of uterus-external os)
–> nulliparous women round shape
parous women transverse slit shape
Uterus, structure of wall
úr serous, muscular og mucous coats
a) Perimetrium; serous coat-visceral peritoneum
b) Myometrium; muscular coat. - smooth muscle
c) Endometrium; mucous coat -hér uterine glands sem regular changes during menstrual cycle
Uterus
Cavity of body; flattened ant.post. Triangular. Uterine tubes open into horns Cavity cont. inferiorly into canal of isthmus ---> Canal of isthmus; p of cervical canal in nulliparous, p of cavity in uterine body in parous ---> Cervical canal; fusiform shape Inner surf. folded into palmate folds
Uterus, ligaments of uterus-PARAMETRIUM
uterus conn. to pelvic walls + neighb organs by ligaments=
a) To the lateral pelv.wall by;
- Broad ligament (peritoneal fold arising from uterine margins to lateral pelv.walls)
-Round ligg. of uterus/ligg.teres;
from uterine horns to labium majus.
(l.vessels to the spf inguinal nodes)
-Transverse ligg/ligg. Cardinale;
from cervix to lateral pelv.walls
- Suspensory ligg. of ovary
- Proper ligg. of ovary
- to rectum og sacrum by=
- Rectouterine ligg - milli rectum og uterus
- Sacrouterine ligg - milli sacrum og uterus
- to bladder og pubis by=
- Vesicouterine ligg - milli bladder og uterus
- Pubovesical ligg - milli pubis og uterus.
**The pelvic and urogenital diaphragm support the uterus
Uterus, ligaments of uterus-PARAMETRIUM
uterus conn. to pelvic walls + neighb organs by ligaments=
a) To the lateral pelv.wall by;
- Broad ligament (peritoneal fold arising from uterine margins to lateral pelv.walls)
-Round ligg. of uterus/ligg.teres;
from uterine horns to labium majus.
(l.vessels to the spf inguinal nodes)
-Transverse ligg/ligg. Cardinale;
from cervix to lateral pelv.walls
- Suspensory ligg. of ovary
- Proper ligg. of ovary
- to rectum og sacrum by=
- Rectouterine ligg - milli rectum og uterus
- Sacrouterine ligg - milli sacrum og uterus
- to bladder og pubis by=
- Vesicouterine ligg - milli bladder og uterus
- Pubovesical ligg - milli pubis og uterus.
**The pelvic and urogenital diaphragm support the uterus
Physiological position of uterus
anteversion and anteflexion;
1) Angle of anteversion:
- long axis of cervix og long axis of vagina
2) Angle of anteflexion:
- long axis of uterine body og long axis of uterine cervix.
Uterus, supply
Blood supply:
- Uterine artery (from internal iliac artery)
- Venous drainage into uterovaginal venous plx
L.drainage;
- internal iliac l.nodes
- lumbar l.nodes
- spf inguinal l.nodes (along round ligg. of uterus)
- sacral l.nodes
Nerve supply;
uterovaginal autonomic plx
