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Immunology > Exam 1: Antigen processing > Flashcards

Exam 1: Antigen processing Flashcards

1
Q

Present antigen to naive CD4 and CD8 t cells so they initiate t cell responses

A

Dendritic cells

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2
Q

Present antigens to differentiated CD4 t cells in the effector phase of cell mediated immunity

A

Macrophages

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3
Q

Present antigens to helper t cells (CD4) during humora immune resp.

A

B lymphocytes

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4
Q

What are the two important functions of APCs?

A
  1. Convert P antigens to peptides and display peptide-MHC complexes
  2. Co-stimulation to T cells
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5
Q

Processing of endocytosed antigens for MHC class II sequence of events:

A
  1. Uptake into vesicular compartments
  2. Processing in endosomal and lysosomal vesicles
  3. biosynthesis and transport of MHC class 2 molecules
  4. Asssociation with MHC class 2 molecules
  5. Expression on the APC surface
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6
Q

What are the 3 APCs?

A
  1. DC
  2. Macrophage
  3. B cells
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7
Q

What 3 things induce MHC II on macrophages?

A
  1. PAMPS
  2. DAMPS
  3. Cytokines
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8
Q

What are the 3 functions of APCs?

A
  1. Capture
  2. Digest
  3. Display
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9
Q

Antigen presentation begins with _____.

A

Antigen processing

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10
Q

What do the pathways of Antigen processing do?

A

convert protein antigens into peptides and load them on MHC molecules to be displayed to lymphocytes

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11
Q

antigens present in the acidic vesicular compartments of APCs generate _____ associated peptides.

A

MHC class II

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12
Q

antigens present in the cytosol generate _____ associated peptides

A

MHC class I

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13
Q

Acidic compartments that contain proteolytic enzymes

A

Endosomes

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14
Q

What fuses with endosomes to form phagosomes?

A

Lysosomes

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15
Q

The most important proteolytic enzymes involved in protein degredation

A

Cathepsins

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16
Q

Association of processed peptides with class 2 MHC molecules takes place in:

a. Endosomal compartments
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Proteosome

A

a. Endosomal Compartments

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17
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a. Exogenous acquired proteins will generate peptides that activate CD4T cells
b. Endogenously acquired proteins will generate peptides that activate CD8T cells
c. Cytotoxic cells are stimulated by B cells that present antigen through MHC

A

B.

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18
Q

What are the steps for processing Cytosolic antigens for MHC class I:

A
  1. Cytosol location
  2. Proteolytic degradation in proteosome
  3. Transport to ER
  4. Assembly in ER
  5. Surface expression
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19
Q

T/F. Sometimes even endocytosed antigens may be presented through MHC class I molecules

A

T

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20
Q

Proteins synthesized in the cytosol are ubiquitinated thus destined for ______

A

Proteosomal degradation

21
Q

What is the main transporting system to get peptides to the ER?

A

Transporter associated with antigen presentation TAP

22
Q

Where is TAP located?

A

Memb. of ER

23
Q

______ acquired proteins will generate peptides that activate CD4 T cells

A

Exogenously

24
Q

______ acquired proteins will generate peptides that activate CD8T cells

A

Endogenously

25
Q

Surface molecule found on T cells that recognizes antigen presented in the correct MHC complex

A

TCR

26
Q

What are the 2 types of TCR?

A
  1. aB TCR

2. yd TCR

27
Q

Which TCR is the most common?

A

aB TCR

28
Q

Which TCR is found on the T cells in lymphoid tissue

A

aB TCR

29
Q

Which TCR is found on T cells at mucosal surfaces?

A

yD TCR

30
Q

T/F. Each T cell contains TCRs of multiple specificities?

A

F. only one specificity

31
Q

T/F aB TCR is MHC Dependent

A

T

32
Q

T/F. yD TCR is MHC Dependent?

A

F. independent

33
Q

Group of proteins closely associated with TCR

A

CD3 Complex

34
Q

What function does the CD3 Complex have?

A

transduces activation signals to nucleus following antigen interaction with TCR

35
Q

When T cells from one individual recognize foreign peptides only when bound to and displayed by MHC molecules of that individual

A

Self MHC restriction

36
Q

CD4 T cells are MHC class ___ restricted

A

2

37
Q

CD8T cells are MHC class ___ restricted

A

1

38
Q

CD4 MHC class 2 restricted T cells recognize peptide antigens derived from ______ .

A

Extracellular/Exogenous P that are internalized into vesicles of APCs

39
Q

CD8 MHC class 1 restricted T cells recognize peptides derived from______.

A

Cytosolic/Endogenously synthesized proteins

40
Q

T/F. The BCR interacts with the MHC molecule

A

F.

41
Q

T/F. B cells can recognize soluble antigens as well as antigens exposed on cell surfaces

A

T

42
Q

Lipid antigens are presented by molecules called ____.

A

CD1

43
Q

Where are CD1 molecules found?

A

APCs and epithelial cells

44
Q

Who Do CD1 molecules present antigens to?

A

T cells that are not MHC restricted

NKT-cells

45
Q

What is the first signal in co stimulatory signaling

A

Specific signal

Generated by interaction of an antigenic peptide bound in the MHC cleft with the TCR-CD3 complex

46
Q

What is the second signal in co stimulatory signaling?

A

Co-stimulatory signal

Provided by interaction b/t CD28 on T cells and members of B7 family on the APCs

47
Q

What happens when T lymphocytes are stimulated without a co-stimulatory signal?

A

clonal anergy

48
Q

A state of no responsiveness, which occurs when a co-stimulatory signal is absent

A

Clonal anergy

49
Q

presentation of antigens through class 1 pathway

A

cross-presentation

Immunology (23 decks)

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