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Cardio > Ecografie > Flashcards

Ecografie Flashcards

1
Q

Ultrasunete

A

> 2000 mhz

Directionabile, reflexie, refractie
Se propaga prost prim aer os metal(d aia pun gel)

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2
Q

Tipuri de eco

A 
Mod m-miscari
Bidimensionala-in timp real
Doppler-velocitatea fluxului sangvin
Tdi=tissue doppler imaging=volcitate miocard
2d speckle tracking-strain(deformare)
3d
Tee-transesofagiana
Eco contrast si eco iv
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3
Q

Eco bidimensionala

A

Pune cam parasternal stang: ax lung ax scurt
Apical 4/2
Subdiafragmatic(contrast cu ficatu)-de ex la emfizem; se vede bn septul interatrial(foramen ovale, sunt dr stanga-crd)

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4
Q

Indiastola cum sunt valvele

A

Deschuse amd

Gen si mirrala si aortica

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5
Q

Dc imi trb 2 camere

A

In boala cardiaca ischemica pt zone akinetice sau hipokinetice

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6
Q

Fe cum

A

Incidenta apicala ptc parasternala axu nu se vede

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7
Q

Mid m

A

Miscari in fct de timp
Seamana cu ekg(timp cm)

Masor diam in sistola si diastola

Valva mitrala-ant M, post W
M-se desc in diastola, se inchide putin si dupa aia e contractia atriala

Aorta desch sistola inchisa disstola
Avantaj rezolutie temp mare

Acum se folos pt masurare grosimi pereti chiar si fe

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8
Q

Doppler

A

Frecv unda si v relativa
Vine spre obs rosu
Pleaca albastru

Cand vine frecv mare

Diferenta de frecv e dp cu viteza
Cel mai bn ar fi daxa eram in vas

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9
Q

Doppler pulsat

A

Localizare precisa
Viteza=velocitate mica(<2)

Flux transmitral, tricuspidian, tranct de ejectie vs, vd
Flux venos pulmonar si suprah

Mai ex si doppler color-regurgitrari cu v f mare apar mozaic culoare(>2) turbulent

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10
Q

Doppler continuu

A

Localizare imprecisa
Velocitati mari

Flux aortic pulmonar
Gradier transvalvular
Regurgitari valvulare

In patologii

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11
Q

Doppler spectral

A

Viteza in fct de timp

Aflam flux in valve

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12
Q

Flux transmitral

A

Unda e- diastola, relaxare si intra sange(depinde de gradientul as vs)
Unda a-contractie atriala
(In vs)

Timo de decelare-unda e=rata de scadere a velocitatii umplerii corespunde rata de crestere a pres in vs

Daca pres sunt mari undele se oores brusc

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13
Q

Umplere la presiuni mari

A

Ins ca in vs e pres mare deci si in as tre sa fie

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14
Q

Disf disstolice tipuri

A

1relaxare intarziata(timp decelerare lund, e/a<1, presiuni normale

2 restrictiv(timp decelerare scurt, e/a>1) preaiuni cresute; e/a>2 
Atriul n are forta sa pompeze asa mult ca i ores f mare in vs

In fia dispare unda a

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15
Q

P sistolica vs=p aorta

A

120

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16
Q

P diastolica vs=p as

A

12

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17
Q

P in aorta cand cordul e in diastola e 80 dar in vs e 12. Dc?

A

Aorta e elastica si mentine pres

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18
Q

Dispneea cel mai imp dererminant

A

Presiunea de umplere..nuj

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19
Q

Eco sca

A

1anomalia de miscare a peretelui(hipok=>akin, diskin-miscare spre exterior si subtiere perete, anevrism-bombare in ext si subtirre sistolica in diatola) afectarea ingrisarii sistolice a oeretelui+miscare endocardica redusa spre interior

Aproximarea e calitativa; extindere prin nr de segmente de oerete

2afectare pompa(imp pt killip)
Fe-vizual sau simpson

3 pres de umplere si pattern transmitral

4complicatii(tromb-langa perete imobil, anevrism, rm acuta ischemica, infarct de vd, dsv, ruptura perete liber vs, r pericardica, pseudoanevrism-peticit de pericard)

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20
Q

Eco sca pereti

A

Indica artera coronara afectata
Gradul si extinderea depinde de severitatea ischemiei care depinde de localizare tromb

Daca e subtiat sau f ecogen e fibroza=vechi

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21
Q

Bullseye

A

Ai cu coronarele

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22
Q

Eco sca cu cn seamana

A

Scc
Perete hibernant tit hipokinetic e
Sechela e akin

23
Q

Ochiometris as=

A

Aorta asc

24
Q

Cum se misca septul in sistola

A

Spre interior

25
Q

Contrast spontan

A

Fum de tigara
Mai ecogen
Semn ca se fac trombi
Presiuni de umplere mari

26
Q

Eco ic

A

1 ev global fct sistolica
Fe cu simpson sau eco3d
Diam vs telesistolic si telediastolic si fractia se scurtare(parasternal ax scurt)nu e super ok
Miscare catre apex a mirralei MAPSE(mod m)
Doppler tisular(sept si per lat in reg inel mitral)

2ev fct diastolica E PRIMA CARE APARE
Flux transmitemral cu doppler pulsat
Marime as normala=>exclude cr pres vs
E/eā€™ doppler tisular<8 exculde pres telediastolic cres
Crestere pap
27
Q

Eco cardiomiopatii

A

Grosime pereti hvs sau boala de depozit

Marime cavitati cmd, arvd, cmr

Cinetica parietala cmd, cmr

Pericard dg dif cmr

28
Q

Atriu dilatat duce la

A

Presiune crescuta telediastolica in ventricul

29
Q

Cardiomiopatie cu miocard noncompactat trabeculat

A

Cm prin noncompactare
Criterii jeni
Suspiciune eco
Dg prin rmn

30
Q

Eco valvulopatii

A

Integritate morfologie anatomie mobilitate
Cauze mecanisme
Semne acut cronic
Severitate

31
Q

Eco vm

A

Rm acuta

Rm cronica

St m

32
Q

Eco pericard

A

Efuzie in infectii neoplasm imuno

Tamponada-colaps cavitati
Flux transmitral variaza exagerat cu resoiratia
Flux transmitral si bv SCAD CU INSPIR
VCI NU VARIAZA CU RESP
Colapsul se vede in fereastra subdiafragm

33
Q

Unde n am niciodata lichid pericardic

A

Posterios de as

34
Q

Eco embolie

A

Vd dilatat si hipokinetic-semn de epa grava
Estimare paps in vd normal posibil sa n am semne de embolie acuta masiva ptc nu poate sa creasca atat de mult pres

Miscare siv cu aspect de D in ax scurt si se misca spre vd

Trombi in ap

35
Q

Eco epa acut

A

Semn mcconnel perete vd hipokinetic cu apex vd hiperkinetic

Tap (timp de accelerare in ap)- scurt si anvelopa crestata

Senn 60/60 paps<60 sintap<60

36
Q

Eco aorta

A

Dilatari
Ateromatoza
Disectie si trombi

37
Q

Ser barbotat

A

Opaciaza doar cav drepte

Daca opacifiaza cav stangi=> sunt dreapta stanga

38
Q

Severitatea stenozei eco

A

Parasternal scurt pe mitrala
Se deseneaza mitrala
Sau
Pht

39
Q

Pressure half time

A

Aria mitrala=220:pressure half timeo

40
Q

Cum se estimeaza pres din ad?

A

Cu vena cava
Daca vc e dilatata si n are colaps in inspir ores f mare
Daca i filatata dar are colap 10 mm
Daca nu i nici nici e normala si cam 5

41
Q

La fia si bav ce defibrilatir am nev

A

Monocameral

42
Q

Tipuri disf diastolica

A

Normal
Usor(relax intarziata)
Pseudonormal
Grav

43
Q

La valsalva

A

Scade pres de umolere si pres in cac cardiace=> demascam aspectul de relaxare intarziata(la pseudonormal)

44
Q

Umplere la p crescute(pe grafic nu uita)

A

Se muta graficul sus

45
Q

Doppler mai face si

A

Bernouli ca am viteza hematiilor

Pap=p vd
=>pvd-pad=4v patrat

Masor debit cardiac

Obtin distanta din timpxviteza, masor diametru,==>
Calculez volum bataie=>

Integrala timp velocitatex aria=debit cardiac (x frecventa)

Ecuatia de continuitate
Ceva cu vri si tract de ej=>
Suprafata aorta
=> a1xvti1=a2xvti2

46
Q

Integrala timp velogitate

A

Puta aia in jos

47
Q

Pt toate valvulopatiile cu stenoza

A

Pres mare inainte de stenoza si ores mica dupa=>

Gradient presiune

48
Q

Tdi

A

Culoare in miocard
2d color si doppler puls

Masuram viteza plafonului mitral
Tit cu e, a

49
Q

Speckel tracking=de defirmare

A

Puricii sunt transf in calitate
Vedem cum se def o bucata de miocard
Miscarea miocard

50
Q

Eco 3d

A

Volum vs e cam ovalar elipsoidal

La vd ne trb 3d ca i dubios corelatie buna cu rmn pt fe si volume

51
Q

Ttransesof

A

Embol in ureche stanga, ecou spontan, foramen obale patent

Aorta desc(f post, langa esofag, sunt vecine)

Priteze valvulare

Endocardite(daca s mici ne scapa)

52
Q

Sm eco

A

Deschidere in dom

Ecou de staza

53
Q

In eco subst de ct e

A

Lichid cu microbule
Pt cav si pereti(gen delimitez mai bn)
Se vede pana si vascularizatia

54
Q

Alternanta electrica

A

Swinging heart

Cardio (25 decks)

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