DSM ICD

Question 1

Describe the DSM

Answer 1

Has standardised symptoms for each illness, Updated regularly, Only focuses on mental illness, Created by the APA, Contains things like comorbidity, prevelance, differential diagnosis for each illness

Question 2

What are the sections of the DSM?

Answer 2

Section 1 is the introduction, with section 2 having the classification of the main mental health disorders. Within section 3, there is a cultural formulation interview guide to help with diagnosis of the disorder and emerging disorders

Question 3

Describe the ICD

Answer 3

Created by WHO, Is used worldwide, Updated regularly, Features all illnesses not just mental illness, Contains things like incedence, prevalence and mortality for each illness, Is used more commonly around the world

Question 4

How would you diagnose an illness using the ICD?

Answer 4

You would go to the section about mental and behavioural disorders. You would look at the symptoms and criteria under each mental illness and find the relevant one to the patient

Question 5

What about the diagnostic systems makes diagnosis more reliable?

Answer 5

They have standardised symptoms that everyone uses

Question 6

What about the diagnostic systems makes diagnosis less reliable?

Answer 6

Bias in diagnosis (cultural, gender etc) by the doctor

Question 7

What did Rosenhan find about validity of diagnosis?

Answer 7

Diagnosis might not be valid because patients can lie and be given the wrong diagnosis

Question 8

What did Rosenhan find about reliablity of diagnosis?

Answer 8

Diagnosis is reliable because all but one were given the same diagnosis of Schizophrenia when presenting the same symptoms

Question 9

What did Ford and Widiger find?

Answer 9

males and females diagnosed differently with same symptoms (doctor bias)

Question 10

What did Ward et al find?

Answer 10

False diagnosis was caused 32.5% inconsistency with the interpretation of symptoms and 62.5% was due to the inadequacy of the classification system

Question 11

What did Lee find?

Answer 11

Found good concurrent validity between ADHD diagnosis in Korea using DSM criteria

Question 12

What did Jakobsen et al find?

Answer 12

An ICD-10 diagnosis showed 93% sensitivity and 87% predictive value when diagnosing schizophrenia

Question 13

What did Goldstein find?

Answer 13

found that 169 of the 199 patients were rediagnosed with Schizophrenia when DSM was updated

Question 14

What did Stinchfield find?

Answer 14

91% accuracy on diagnosing gambling disorder when using DSM 5

Question 15

What did Cheniaux find?

Answer 15

They found that schizophrenia was more common when using ICD-10 rather than DSM-IV

Question 16

What did Brown 2001 find?

Answer 16

Brown found good-to-excellent reliability for most of the DSM-IV categories. However, they found some boundary problems with certain disorders

Question 17

What did Nicholls find?

Answer 17

ICD 10 was used it was found to be only a 36% agreement for eating disorders

Question 18

What did Powers find?

Answer 18

women who had suffered complex post traumatic disorder also had higher levels of alcohol and substance misuse as predicted by ICD 11, showing that ICD 11 does have good predictive validity

Question 19

What is a patient factor effecting diagnosis?

Answer 19

They may give faulty information due to stigma

Question 20

What did Kim-Cohen find?

Answer 20

found that the DSM has predictive validity for conduct disorders in children (1) as a larger majority of children who had at least three conduct disorder symptoms at five years old according to DSM had at least one educational difficulty two years later

Question 21

What did Morey find?

Answer 21

found that DSM 5 was more reliable than DSM IV in diagnosing borderline personality disorder so diagnosis of mental health disorders should be reliable if DSM V was used

Question 22

What did Reiger find?

Answer 22

DSM 5 had a concordance rate of 0.46 for schizophrenia so might not be reliable