cog explanatation depression Flashcards

1
Q

According to the Cognitive model what is the cause of depression?

A

Maladaptive thoughts which impact on mood

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2
Q

What is catastrophising?

A

An example of maladaptive thinking where people take one small issue and magnify its importance and negative effects

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3
Q

What is Crystal ball thinking?

A

Where you guess negatively about future events

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4
Q

What is All-or-nothing/Black & White thinking?

A

Where things are either seen as excellent or awful without middle ground which can lead to people negatively rating themselves

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5
Q

What is a negative mental filter?

A

Where positive aspects are ignored and only the negatives are focused on

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6
Q

Beck suggested there is a negative triad which causes depression and involves a negative view of?

A

If you have a negative view about yourself, about the world around you and about the future it can cause depressed mood in people

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7
Q

Those with depression are likely to attribute negative events as?

A

They see negative events as internally derived, stable in time so it’ll always be that way and global meaning it applied to many situations

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8
Q

Consistent negative thoughts and attributions lead to?

A

Depressive schemas, automatic negative distortions which negatively effect how they see the world

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9
Q

What did Seligman suggest was the basis of these cognitive distortions/depression?

A

Learned helplessness where they have negative life experiences which they think they’re powerless to change

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10
Q

What did Yost & Weary find?

A

When making self attributions the depressed people were more likely to judge negative behaviours and events as due to their own personal shortcomings

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11
Q

What did Alloy & Abramson find?

A

Some college students were identified as having negative self-schemata. The students with a negative thought process were more at risk from depression

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12
Q

What did Lewinsohn find?

A

dysfunctional attitudes rather than environmental factors was the strongest predictor of depression. However, there is little evidence that the cognitive distortions are present before depression.

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13
Q

Why is this theory useful and therefore credible?

A

CBT is effective and this works by challenging and changing the maladaptive thoughts

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14
Q

What is an issue with saying maladaptive thoughts cause depression?

A

The research is largely correlational. We can’t know if the maladaptive thoughts cause depression or if depression causes the maladaptive thoughts?

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15
Q

Why would this theory be reductionist?

A

It ignores biological factors like neurotransmitters so it might not be a complete explanation of depression or the root cause

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16
Q

What is depressive realism?

A

It suggests that the thoughts and perceptions of those with depression are not maladaptive and might be accurate.