culture and diagnosis Flashcards
Which of the 4Ds show that culture does effect diagnosis?
Deviance from social norms
Why is Ethnocentrism an issue?
Diagnosis as it downplays and ignores differences between cultures?
Why might the existence usage of the DSM and ICD cause issues for diagnoses across cultures?
They have different criteria/illnesses and are used in different countries
What are Dhat and Koro?
Culturally bound illnesses which are only found in one culture and so shows culture might effect illness
What is an issue if doctor and patient come from different cultures?
Language barriers or not communicating about illness the same way
What did Malgady find?
demonstrated there is a difference in the interpretation of hearing voiced between Costa Rican culture where it is interpreted as spirits talking to an individual and the USA where the same phenomenon is interpreted as a symptom of schizophrenia
What did Sato find/say?
Clinicians may be unwilling to give culturally sensitive diagnoses e.g. schizophrenia in Japan
What did Lopez find/say?
claimed trying to redress cultural bias in DSM by taking cultural beliefs into account can lead to missing some diagnoses as symptoms are dismissed as cultural norms.
What did Kastrup find/say?
argues that as not all cultures see the separation of mind and body prevalent in Western society if the patient and clinician do not share an understanding of how problems are described faulty diagnoses are likely to occur
What did Lin find/say?
Schizophrenia around the world shares more symptoms than it differs in- its the same mostly (with availability of treatment being the major factor in many differences
What did Banyard find/say?
5% population is black but 25% of psychiatric patients- showing a cultural bias
What did Escobar and Vega find/say?
The DSM-IV is unsatisfactory in terms of cross cultural applicability because of its strong western bias
What did Chandresa find/say?
shows that there are more rates of catatonia 21% in Sri Lanka than in British white people (5%)- though this is mostly due to treatment options.
What did Lee find/say?
showed that the DSM was valid in Korea for ADHD as the criteria matched with those diagnosed with the disorder
What did Burham find/say?
Mexican born Americans have more auditory hallucinations than American with Mexican origins. White Americans were reported to show more grandiosity in delusions- showing cultural issues in diagnosis
