Baddeley Flashcards
What is the aim of Baddeley?
To look at the encoding of STM and LTM
How big was the sample?
72
Where were they gathered from?
Applied Psychology Research Unit
What were the 4 lists used?
Acoustically similar, Acoustically dissimilar, Semantically similar, Semantically dissimilar
Which design is this?
Independent measures everyone did only one list
What control was put in place to improve the validity at the start of the study?
A hearing test to make sure their hearing didnt impact on the words they recalled
How long was each word presented for?
3 seconds
After the words were presented but before recall the participants had to do what?
Complete a distractor task writing down numbers
How many times did the participants conduct the inital part of the study (words presented, distractor, recall)
4 times
What happened before the surprise recall?
15minute distractor copying down numbers
What was the recall task they were asked to complete?
Putting the words in the order they were presented whilst being able to see the words in a random order
What was found during the surprise recall (LTM)?
Semantically dissimilar words were recalled better than semantically similar words
What was found during the earlier recall tasks (STM)?
Acoustically dissimilar words were recalled better than Acoustically similar words
What is the encoding of STM?
Acoustic
What is the encoding of LTM?
Semantic
What is a problem with the sample?
Shared characteristics as they were all at the APRU which could impact their memory performance
What is a strength of the design of this study?
It used independent measures so there would be no order effects unfairly effecting one condition making the results more valid
Why is the hearing test at the beginning used?
To make the results more valid as it elimnates an EV which could effect their performance
This study is seen as reliable because
Most of the procedure is standardised like everyone having the same timings and distractor tasks
This study is seen as low in mundane realism because
Lists of acoustically similar words etc are not like real life examples of using memory
Why was an interference task included?
To ensure the validity of testing LTM as earlier attempts made an error of measuring STM instead
What is a weakness of the design used?
Pariticipant variables might have effected their recall as different people did different word list conditions
