4D's Flashcards
What are the 4Ds
Deviance, Danger, Dysfunction and Distress
What does the deviance explanation of abnormality say about abnormality?
You are abnormal if you break social norms, agreed ways of behaving
What are the things which might impact social norms
Age, Sex, Culture, Context
What is statistical deviance?
When a behaviour is infrequent it becomes abnormal, when only a small % of people show a behaviour
What infrequency is suggested to make something deviant?
If it as over 2 standard deviations away from the mean
What does the Danger explanation of abnormality say about abnormality?
You are abnormal if your behaviour makes you a risk to yourself or others, this is subjective and on a continuum
What does the Dysfunction explanation of abnormality say about abnormality?
You are abnormal if you cannot function or live successfully e.g. go to work or have relationships, this is subjective and can be on a continuum
What would someone who has a dysfunction have difficulties doing?
Maintaining a job or going to college
What does the Distress explanation of abnormality say about abnormality?
You are abnormal if your behaviour makes you upset, this is subjective and on a continuum
Which axis on the DSM-IV took distress, danger and dysfunction into account to make a global decision?
5
Which of these is true for all 4 Ds?
They are subjective- due to personal interpretation/opinions of the doctor
What did Thomas Szasz say?
Deviance is socially controlling due to the myth of mental illness
What is a weakness of statistical deviance?
It uses arbritrary cut off of frequency so might not be valid
What is a weakness about frequency being used to diagnose people?
Behaviours can be infrequent without indicating abnormality and disorder
Why is Deviance worse then the other definitions?
It doesn’t deal with the wellbeing and quality of their lives whereas the others do
