DNA

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

D-deoxyribose
N-nucleic
A-acid

Question 2

What is found in the DNA?

Answer 2

Genetic material

Question 3

4 bases

Answer 3

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

Question 4

What holds the bases together?

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds

(A-T =2)
(C+G=3)

Question 5

DNA replication

Answer 5

1)DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases,breaking the helix
2)primase makes RNA which tells the separated strand to rebuild using matching bases

Question 6

Differences between RNA and DNA

Answer 6

DNA- deoxyribose sugar, double stranded, thymine
RNA- ribose sugar, single stranded, uracil

Question 7

What is RNA involved in?

Answer 7

Gene expression

Question 8

Where is RNA found?

Answer 8

In the cells nucleus, cytoplasm and organelles

Question 9

What are chromosome?

Answer 9

Bundles of DNA that are wrapped around histones (protein)

Question 10

How many chromosomes are there in body cells?

Answer 10

46 but 23 in sex cells

46= 23 homologous pairs

Question 11

How many chromosomes are autosomal?

Answer 11

22 pairs

Only 1 is sex determining

Question 12

Diploid cells

Answer 12

Most cells (minus egg and sperm) are diploid
Contains all genetic material
Replicate via mitosis to produce 2 daughter cells

Question 13

Haploid cells

Answer 13

Sex cells
Contains half the genetic material so full material obtained when cells fuse
Replicate by meiosis and produce 4 genetically different daughter cells

Question 14

What is a gene?

Answer 14

Section of DNA coding for a particular protien

Question 15

What are codons?

Answer 15

Genes are made up from sections of nucleotides

Codons are the smaller units

Question 16

What are alleles?

Answer 16

Different version of the same gene

(Eg: blue eyes allele and brown eye allele)

Question 17

How do we know if chromosomes are homologous?

Answer 17

Alleles may be different but the gene is in the same locus