Cells

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Contains the cell’s genetic information

Largest organelle

Question 2

Membrane

Answer 2

Controls the entry/exit of substances in and out of the cell through partially permeable membrane

Question 3

Ribosome

Answer 3

Protein synthesis using RNA

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Aerobic respiration using O2 to produce ATP

Question 5

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

RER: covered in ribosomes

SER: synthesises lipids

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Synthesised protiens are processed + packaged here

Question 7

Lysosome

Answer 7

Contains lysozyme

Question 8

Osmosis

Answer 8

Movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from a high to low concentration

Question 9

Diffusion

Answer 9

Passive= movement of molecules from a high to low concentration

Facilitated= movement of molecules from high to low concentration using a protein carrier/channel

Question 10

Active transport

Answer 10

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using ATP and protein carriers

Question 11

Cell actions

Answer 11

_Reproduce
-Nourishment
_Movement
_Excertion
-Growth
_Respiration

Question 12

Red blood cells

Answer 12

Concave for larger surface area to carry more oxygen
Contains haemaglobin

Question 13

Kidney tubule cells

Answer 13

Controls water and salt excretion

Question 14

Cardiac cells

Answer 14

-stirated (long and thin)
Controls the pumping of the heart

Question 15

Cartilage

Answer 15

Fluid to absorb any shock from impact

Question 16

Neurones

Answer 16

Conducts action potentials

Question 17

Sperm cells

Answer 17

Head contains genetic information

Flagellum for swimming

Question 18

Connective tissue

Answer 18

Binding, protecting and supporting ( eg: cartilage)

Question 19

Epithelial tissue

Answer 19

Cells forming continuous sheets lining the body ( eg: skin)

Question 20

Muscle tissue

Answer 20

Connected to bone
Under voluntary control
Smooth muscle
Movement

Question 21

Nervous tissue

Answer 21

Conducts electrical impulses through the whole body

Question 22

Tissues & organs

Answer 22

Tissues - group of similar cells

Organs = group of similar tissues working towards one function

Question 23

System

Answer 23

.collection of related organs with a common function

Question 24

Apoptosis

Answer 24

Cell suicide

Question 25

Necrosis

Answer 25

Cell damage

Question 26

Aging + disease

Answer 26

Mitosis slows down therefore cells are regenerated more slowly as age increases

Apoptosis sometimes increase which can cause Alzheimer’s

Apoptosis can slow down causing tumours leading to cancer