Disorders of Platelets, Hemostasis, and Coagulation Flashcards
Question 1 of 5
A 30-year-old patient undergoes a dental procedure, which results in abnormally prolonged bleeding. The presence of which other symptoms would lead a physician to diagnose her with von Willebrand disease? Select all that apply.
Ischemia of the fingers and toes Bruising easily Bleeding from the nose, mouth, and gastrointestinal tract Dizziness, seizures, and vertigo Excessive menstrual blood loss
Bruising easily
Bleeding from the nose, mouth, and gastrointestinal tract
Excessive menstrual blood loss
Question 2 of 5
A 35-years-old patient’s symptoms and findings include shortness of breath and pale skin, along with an elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) value. Elevated aPTT indicates_________.
increased fibrinogen breakdown
increased clot formation
decreased reticulocyte count
increased clotting time for the intrinsic pathway
increased clotting time for the intrinsic pathway
Question 3 of 5
Which complication may be present with secondary thrombocytosis?
Decreased platelet count
Elevated thrombocytes
High iron level
High serum ferritin
Elevated thrombocytes
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are treatments for disorders of clotting? Select all that apply.
Warfarin Heparin Aspirin D-dimer Vitamin K antagonists
Warfarin
Heparin
Aspirin
Vitamin K antagonists
Question 5 of 5
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome __________________. Select all that apply.
can develop from exposure to Shiga-toxin. causes hemolysis. is associated with hemophilia. usually results from a viral infection. causes thrombocytos
can develop from exposure to Shiga-toxin.
causes hemolysis.
Question 1 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Alcohol abuse and liver damage?
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Alcohol reduces coagulation of the blood and acts as a “blood thinner.” Also, excessive alcohol use may damage the liver. As the liver synthesizes clotting factor, damage to the liver may prolong clotting times and lead to excessive bleeding.
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Treatments include heparin and warfarin
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Clotting Disorder
Both heparin and warfarin are used to treat clotting disorders. Heparin is a naturally occurring anticoagulant produced by the liver. It is also produced in synthetic form. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent clot formation. Warfarin inhibits vitamin-K dependent synthesis of certain clotting factors.
Question 3 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Primary and secondary thrombocytosis
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Clotting Disorder
Primary thrombocytosis, also known as essential thrombocytosis, is an overproduction of platelets due to a bone marrow disorder. An increased number of platelets increases the risk of clot formation. Secondary, or reactive, thrombocytosis is an elevation in thrombocyte levels in reaction to another condition.
Question 4 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
In ITP, the body’s immune system attacks and destroys platelets. This increases the risk for bleeding.
Question 5 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Petechiae?
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Petechiae are small red or purple “dots” on the surface of the skin due to bleeding from broken capillaries.
Question 6 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Smoking and blood flow stasis?
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Clotting Disorder
Smoking increases clot formation by contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation, as well as increasing the coagulability of the blood. Inactivity, as occurs when sitting for prolonged periods such as a plane flight, causes blood to stagnate, which increases the possibility a clot may form.
Question 7 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Malignant tumors and high estrogen?
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Clotting Disorder
Patients with malignant cancer are at increased risk for thromboembolism formation. Chemotherapy treatment for cancer may contribute to clot formation. High levels of estrogen, as found in oral contraceptives, especially when used in patients who also smoke, increases the risk for clot formation.
Question 8 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Von Willebrand disease
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding
Bleeding
Von Willebrand disease is a genetic disorder in which production of von Willebrand factor (vWF) is deficient. Von Willebrand factor helps platelets adhere to wound sites, and a lack of this factor increases the risk of bleeding.
Question 9 of 10
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Treatments include aspirin and thrombolytic agents
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Clotting Disorder
Aspirin has anticoagulation effects and reduces clot formation by reducing platelet plug formation. Thrombolytic agents, as the name implies, destroy clots. Thrombolytic agents may be used to destroy clots present in myocardial infarction and certain forms of stroke. In destroying the clot, these agents restore blood flow to affected areas.
This or That? Determine if the characteristics provided are of a clotting disorder or a bleeding disorder.
Antibodies against platelets
Clotting Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
Bleeding Disorder
As platelets play a key role in hemostasis, through formation of the platelet plug, autoimmune attack and destruction of platelets increases the risk for bleeding.
