CH 23 Urologic Disorders Flashcards
Question 1 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria:
Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture
Physical findings are absent
Cloudy urine
Asymptomatic
Increase fluid intake and Kegel exercises
Low-grade fever
If no symptoms present, no antibiotics recommended
Low animal protein and sodium diet
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Physical findings are absent
Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture
If no symptoms present, no antibiotics recommended
As the name implies, asymptomatic bacteriuria indicates a high level of bacteria in the urine; however, the patient reports no symptoms. Without the presence of symptoms, antibiotic usage is not recommended.
Question 2 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Urinary incontinence:
Urinary cough test and cotton swab test
Blood may be apparent in urine
Painful urination
Elevated bacteria levels
Kegel exercises, vaginal ring pessaries, and minimally invasive surgery are used for management
Inability to suppress urine leakage
IVP and CT scan if needed
Urinary cough test and cotton swab test
Kegel exercises, vaginal ring pessaries, and minimally invasive surgery are used for management
Inability to suppress urine leakage
Urinary incontinence is a common condition in which urine leaks from lack of bladder control. A urinary cough test may be employed to test for this condition. A person with a full bladder is asked to cough. Coughing causes increased abdominal pressure, increasing the likelihood of urine leaking. Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic flood muscles. Vaginal pessaries may be used to prevent leakage from the bladder. IVP and CT scans are not used to assess urinary incontinence but for conditions such as urolithiasis.
Question 3 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Urolithiasis:
Cloudy urine
Back and flank pain and dysuria
Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness, low-grade fever, and crystalluria
IVP and CT scan if needed
High fluid intake and low animal protein and sodium diet
Asymptomatic
Pelvic floor exercises
Back and flank pain and dysuria
Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness, low-grade fever, and crystalluria
IVP and CT scan if needed
High fluid intake and low animal protein and sodium diet
Urolithiasis is the formation of urinary calculi, or stones, anywhere in the urinary system. Severe back and flank pain are common symptoms, as is dysuria. Pain may also be found in the CVA area. A low-grade fever may be present. Although substances comprising the stones may vary, it is recommended that following a diet low in animal protein and sodium may reduce stone formation. High fluid intake is also recommended. IVP, intravenous pyelogram, and CT scan may be used to diagnose location, number, and size of stones.
Question 4 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Lower UTI
Increased frequency and urgency of urination
Painful urination with cloudy urine
Inability to hold urine
Kegel exercises and vaginal ring pessaries for management
Antibiotics for infective agent and phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for pain
Urinalysis positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase
Laser ablation of tumor
Increased frequency and urgency of urination
Painful urination with cloudy urine
Antibiotics for infective agent and phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for pain
Urinalysis positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase
Lower urinary tract infection is quite common, especially in women. Initial symptoms include increased frequency and urge to urinate, painful urination, and cloudy urine. Pyridium is often given to alleviate the pain associated with a lower UTI. Urinalysis will be positive for nitrates, processed by the infective bacteria, and leukocyte esterase, a marker of white blood cells. Antibiotics for the infectious agent are prescribed.
Question 5 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Bladder cancer Painful urination Physical findings are absent Cystoscopy Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture Hematuria without pain Interior surface most commonly affected Surgical resection of tumor Urinary cough test and cotton swab test
Cystoscopy
Hematuria without pain
Interior surface most commonly affected
Surgical resection of tumor
Bladder cancer is a relatively rare cancer. One of the first signs is often gross hematuria without pain. Other symptoms, such as painful or frequent urges to urinate, are usually absent. Tumors can be detected with cystoscopy, which is a technique that enables viewing of the interior of the bladder. Surgical resection of the tumor is used for treatment.
Question 6 of 6
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box.
Interstitial cystitis Asymptomatic Pelvic pain and urgency to urinate IVP and CT scan Inability to suppress urine leakage Filling cystometry Recommendation to avoid certain foods Pain lessened with urination Need to urinate up to 50 times per day
Pelvic pain and urgency to urinate Filling cystometry Recommendation to avoid certain foods Pain lessened with urination Need to urinate up to 50 times per day
Interstitial cystitis is also known as painful bladder syndrome. Pelvic pain and an urgency to urinate are common symptoms. The pain is lessened with urination, and persons may need to urinate up to 50 times per day. The avoidance of certain foods, such as caffeine, may help with symptoms. Cystometry, which measures bladder pressure, is performed to evaluate interstitial cystitis. IVP and CT scans are not common tests employed for interstitial cystitis. This condition is not accompanied by fever; infection of the urinary tract normally causes fever.
Question 1 of 5
Stones located along the urinary tract are known as __________________.
hydronephrosis
urolithiasis
interstitial nephritis
pyelonephritis
urolithiasis
Question 2 of 5
A patient presents with no urinary tract symptoms, yet two consecutive urinalysis results reveal a colony count exceeding 100,000 bacteria. What is the possible diagnosis?
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Bladder cancer
Urinary incontinence
Interstitial cystitis
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Question 3 of 5
Which organism is the most common cause of lower urinary tract infections?
Staphylococcus aureus
Proteus
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true regarding interstitial cystitis?
Interstitial cystitis is a painless condition.
Pain from interstitial cystitis may be relieved with urination.
Interstitial cystitis leads to bladder cancer.
The cause of interstitial cystitis is known.
Pain from interstitial cystitis may be relieved with urination.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following are treatments for urinary incontinence? Select all that apply.
Surgery
Exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor
Medical devices such as urethral occlusive devices
Dietary restrictions
Lithotripsy
Surgery
Exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor
Medical devices such as urethral occlusive devices
