Ch 39 musculoskeletal infection & inflammation Flashcards
Question 1 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
(Select all that apply)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) Borrelia burgdorferi Pott's disease Non-gonococcal and gonococcal forms Bone biopsy for diagnosis PPD test may be negative Systemic rheumatic disease
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB)
Pott’s disease
Bone biopsy for diagnosis
PPD test may be negative
.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, or EPTB, occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects tissues other than the lungs. Most commonly, the vertebrae of the spine are affected, a condition known as Pott’s disease. Bone biopsy is used to diagnose the condition. The PPD test assesses for exposure to tuberculosis. In extrapulmonary tuberculosis, PPD tests may be negative.
Question 2 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Osteomyelitis?
Gradual muscle weakness Hematogenous or contiguous forms Myalgias and arthralgias Infection of bone tissue IV antibiotic treatment S. aureus Autoimmune disorder
Hematogenous or contiguous forms
Infection of bone tissue
IV antibiotic treatment
S. aureus
Osteomyelitis is infection of the bone. It may be hematogenous, spreading to the bone from the blood, or contiguous, spreading from nearby tissue. Although several organisms may cause osteomyelitis, Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause. For adequate antimicrobial tissues to penetrate the bone tissue, IV antibiotics are used. Signs and symptoms of bone infection often include fatigue, malaise, pain, chills, and decreased range of motion.
Question 3 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Dermatomyositis?
Purple-red rash on eyelids and chest Inflammatory myopathy IV antibiotic treatment Hyperuricemia Underlying malignancies Gradual muscle weakness Borrelia burgdorferi
Purple-red rash on eyelids and chest
Inflammatory myopathy
Underlying malignancies
Gradual muscle weakness
A purple-red rash on the eyelids and the chest and gradually progressive muscle weakness are the key findings for this disease. Dermatomyositis, as the name implies, is an inflammatory myopathy with presenting dermatological changes. Dermatomyositis can be linked to underlying malignancies.
Question 4 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Lyme disease?
Pain worse in morning Transmitted by ticks Borrelia burgdorferi Autoimmune disease "Bull’s eye" rash Myalgias and arthralgias
Transmitted by ticks
Borrelia burgdorferi
“Bull’s eye” rash
Myalgias and arthralgias
Lyme disease is the result of infection with the bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, and it is not an autoimmune condition. Transmission of the bacterium occurs through a tick bite. Frequently, a “bull’s eye” rash appears around the area of the infected bite. Severe myalgias and arthralgias are common complaints. Left untreated, Lyme disease may progress to neurological and cardiovascular problems.
P.S. “Arthralgia is joint pain. Myalgia is muscle Pain “
Question 5 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Septic arthritis ?
_
Also known as infectious arthritis Bone biopsy for diagnosis Direct invasion of joint space Pain worse in morning Nongonococcal and gonococcal forms Single erythematous, edematous joint Swelling over joints with distinct skin and nail changes Check Answer About
Also known as infectious arthritis
Direct invasion of joint space
Nongonococcal and gonococcal forms
Single erythematous, edematous joint
Septic arthritis is also known as infectious arthritis. In this situation, infectious agents directly invade the joint space. A range of organisms may cause septic arthritis, although gonococcal septic arthritis presents with different signs and symptoms. As the infection occurs in the joint space, the appearance of redness and inflammation is not systemic but rather limited to the infected joint. Treatment involves antibiotics.
Question 6 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Ankylosing spondylitis?
Hematogenous or contiguous forms Systemic rheumatic disease PPD test may be negative Spine and sacroiliac joint affected Fusion of vertebral bodies Presence of HLA B-27 increase risk Changes in the enthesis around vertebral joints are noted
Systemic rheumatic disease Spine and sacroiliac joint affected Fusion of vertebral bodies Presence of HLA B-27 increase risk Changes in the enthesis around vertebral joints are noted
Ankylosing spondylitis is an autoimmune disorder. Those who test positive for the genetic marker HLA B-27 are at increased risk for developing ankylosing spondylitis. The disease normally presents with pain in the sacroiliac area. As the disease progresses, spinal fusion may occur. The enthesis of vertebral joints are altered in ankylosing spondylitis. The enthesis is the point where tendons and ligaments join the bone around a joint. In ankylosing spondylitis, this area is damaged by ongoing inflammation.
Question 7 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Psoriatic arthritis?
Linked to psoriasis Linked to underlying malignancies Five patterns or forms Autoimmune disorder Abrupt onset, bilateral joint pain Swelling over joints with distinct skin and nail changes Single erythematous, edematous joint
Linked to psoriasis.
Five patterns or forms
Autoimmune disorder
Swelling over joints with distinct skin and nail changes
Psoriatic arthritis, as the name indicates, is linked to the autoimmune skin disorder, psoriasis. In psoriatic arthritis, joint swelling occurs along with the characteristic skin changes common in psoriasis. Changes in the nails, a hallmark of psoriasis, are often present as well.
Question 8 of 8
Can you select the correct characteristics for each of the following disorders? Drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box.
Gout?
Joint aspiration, shows urate crystals "Bull’s-eye" rash Fusion of vertebral bodies Hyperuricemia Podagra IV antibiotic treatment Restrict alcohol and meat in diet
Joint aspiration, shows rate crystals
Hyperuricemia
Restrict alcohol meat in diet
Podagra
Gout is due to uric acid crystal deposition in the joints. A high level of uric acid in the blood, hyperuricemia, is often noted. Joint aspiration revealing urate crystals, along with presentations of pain and swelling, are key diagnostic results. Most people with gout experience podagra, intense pain in the big toe from uric acid crystallization in the joint. Gout can be triggered by diets heavy in red meat and alcohol.
Question 1 of 5
Infection that spreads from the bloodstream to the musculoskeletal system is known as _____________.
hematogenous
contiguous
contagious
transmissibl
Hematogenous
Question 2 of 5
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis may lead to the development of _____________.
Pott’s disease
Lyme disease
psoriatic arthritis
gout
Pott’s disease
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following signs are associated with Lyme disease?
Pain in big toe
Difficulty swallowing
Fusion of vertebrae
Erythema migrans
Erythema migrans
Question 4 of 5
Fusion of the vertebrae and inflammation of the ligaments of the spine and sacroiliac joint are associated with ________________.
ankylosing spondylitis
psoriatic arthritis
dermatomyositis
osteomyelitis
ankylosing spondylitis
Question 5 of 5
Gout pain is due to ______________ crystal deposits in the joints.
sodium
ammonia
calcium
Urate
Urate
