Diazepam (Valium) Flashcards
1
Q
Classification:
A
- Benzodiazepine
- Schedule C-IV
2
Q
Action:
A
- Binds to the benzodiazepine receptor and enhances the effects of GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
- Benzodiazepines act at the level of the limbic, thalamic, hypothalamic regions of the CNS and can produce any level of CNS depression required (Including sedation, skeletal muscle relaxation, and anticonvulsant activity)
3
Q
Indications:
A
- Anxiety
- Skeletal muscle relaxation
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Seizures
4
Q
Adverse Effects:
A
- Respiratory depression
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Pain at the injection site
- Confusion
- Nausea
- Hypotension
- Oversedation
5
Q
Contraindications:
A
- Children younger than 6 months
- Acute angle glaucoma
- CNS depression
- Alcohol intoxication
- Known sensitivity
6
Q
Anxiety Dosage Moderate (Adult):
A
- 2 to 5 mg slow IV, IM
7
Q
Anxiety Dosage Severe (Adult):
A
- 5 to 10 mg slow IV, IM (Administer no faster than 5 mg/min)
8
Q
Anxiety Dosage Low (Adult):
A
- Low dosages are often required for older adults/ debilitated Pts
9
Q
Anxiety Dosage (Pediatric):
A
- 0.2 to 0.3 mg/kg/dose IV, IM every 4 hours to max dose of 0.6 mg/kg
10
Q
Delirium Tremens from Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Dosage (Adult):
A
- 10 mg IV
11
Q
Seizure Dosage (Adult):
A
- 5 to 10 mg IV, IO every 10-15 mins
- Max total dose of 30 mg
12
Q
Seizure Dosage (Pediatric 5 years and older IV, IO):
A
- 1 mg over 3 minute period every 2-5 mins to max total dose of 10 mg
13
Q
Seizure (Pediatric Older than 30 days to younger than 5 years Dosage:
A
- 0.2 to 0.5 mg over 3 min period
- May repeat every 2-5 mins to max total dose of 5 mg
14
Q
Seizure (Neonate) Dosage:
A
- 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg per dose given over 3-5 min period
- May repeat every 15-30 mins to max total dose of 2 mg
15
Q
Special Considerations:
A
- Make sure IV, IO lines are well secured. Extravasation of diazepam causes tissue necrosis
- Diazepam is insoluble in water and must be dissolved in propylene glycol
-Give slowly to prevent pain on injection
