Diabetes

Question 1

therapeutic action Insulin

Answer 1

treatment diabetes type I

emergency treatment diabetes type II

Question 2

mechanism of action Insulin

Answer 2

after insulin is injected, it will reach the bloodstream, spread to and act on the tissues, mainly in muscles, liver and fat.
it is quickly metabolised and inactivated; disulphide bonds are cleaved and peptide chains broken down into amino acids.

Question 3

adverse effects Insulin

Answer 3

hypersensitivity
hypoglycemia
lipodystrophy

Question 4

contraindications Insulin

Answer 4

skipping meals

Question 5

drug interaction Insulin

Answer 5

corticosteroids

Question 6

therapeutic action Sulphonylureas

Answer 6

uncomplicated diabetes type II treatment

Question 7

mechanism of action Sulphonylureas

Answer 7

it causes a greater cellular sensitivity and increased release of insulin, ultimately leading to a lower level of insulin resistance

Question 8

adverse effects Sulphonylureas

Answer 8

weight gain
hypoglycaemia
GI-effects

Question 9

contraindications Sulphonylureas

Answer 9

pregnancy

lactation

Question 10

drug interaction Sulphonylureas

Answer 10

alcohol

Question 11

therapeutic action Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 11

diabetes type II

Question 12

mechanism of action Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 12

metformin in NOT a hypoglycaemic, but an anti-hyperglycaemic remedy.

It impairs hepatic secretion of glucose, enhances insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake within the muscle.

Question 13

adverse effects Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 13

lactic acidosis

Question 14

contraindications Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 14

kidney disease

cardiac disorders

Question 15

drug interaction Biguanides (metformin)

Answer 15

alcohol

Question 16

therapeutic action DPP4 inhibitor (Sitaglipin)

Answer 16

lessens insulin resistance working at adipose, skeletal, muscle and liver tissue

Question 17

mechanism of action DPP4 inhibitor (Sitaglipin)

Answer 17

a protease inhibitor that breaks incretin GLP-1 down.
Increatins are hormones, that are released from the gastro-intestinal tractas a reaction to nutrient intake.
they strengthen the insulin secretion which is stimulated by the beta cells in the pancreas.

Question 18

adverse effects DPP4 inhibitor (Sitaglipin)

Answer 18

weight gain
oedema
hepatic effects

Question 19

contraindications DPP4 inhibitor (Sitaglipin)

Answer 19

diabetes type I

diabetic keto-acidosis

Question 20

drug interaction DPP4 inhibitor (Sitaglipin)

Answer 20

statins