Dermato Flashcards

1
Q

Maioria dos melanomas surgem de novo ou a partir de nevo?

A

De novo, só 25% surge de nevo

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2
Q

Percentagem de melanomas de origem familiar

A

5-10%

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3
Q

Características de melanoma familiar

A
  • mais jovens
  • menor espessura
  • múltiplos melanomas primários
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4
Q

Gene mais importante associado ao melanoma

A

CDKN2A (< 50% dos melanomas hereditários, mas em 70% de todos os melanomas)

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5
Q

Outros genes relevantes no melanoma

A

CDK4
TERT
MITF
MC1R
BRAF

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6
Q

Qual o gene associado a melanoma em ruivos

A

MC1R

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7
Q

A que se associa o gene BRAF no melanoma

A
  • doentes mais jovens e fotoexpostos
  • V600E é a mutação mais frequente
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8
Q

Quando fazer teste genético no melanoma?

A
  • 3 ou mais melanomas num doente
  • melanoma invasivo num doente + 2 familiares 1ºG/2ºG com melanoma ou cancro do pâncreas
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9
Q

Dx de melanoma

A

Biópsia excisional (1-3mm margem)

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10
Q

FR para lentigo acral

A

Peles mais escuras

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11
Q

Imunohistoquímica de melanoma

A
  • S100
  • HMB 45
  • MART1
  • SOX10
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12
Q

Carcinoma basocelular associa-se a que via

A

Hedgehog - ptch1

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13
Q

Qual a complicação mais frequente de carcinoma basocelular?

A

Recorrência

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14
Q

Marcadores do carcinoma espino-celular

A

p53 e N-RAS

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15
Q

Fatores de risco para carcinoma espano-celular

A

tabagismo
radiação UV
HPV

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16
Q

Carcinoma de células de Merkel

A
  • neuroendócrino
  • poliomavírus das células de Merkel
17
Q

Sarcoma de Kaposi

A

Células vasculares
Vírus herpes 8