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Geog > D - 1.1 -> 1.4 > Flashcards

D - 1.1 -> 1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

population structure shows

A

age and gender of a population

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2
Q

factors of people

A 
DWAGERS:
disabilities
wealth
age
gender
ethnicity
rurality/religion
sexuality
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3
Q

places =

A

location and meaning

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4
Q

meaning definition

A
  • felt by individuals, eg how they perceive something in a location
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5
Q

dynamics definiton

A
  • changes that are happening, either materially, but also the meanings associated with them
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6
Q

what questions does a ‘place’ leave us with?

A

is a place real? i.e natural or cultural features in the landscape
does a place exist independently of any one persons perception or lived experience?
can you have a place without people?
does anyone actually live in the same place?

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7
Q

transient and permanent differences

A

transient = things that fade away, do not last forever

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8
Q

personal meanings and social meanings difference

A
  • personal = memories or things they have done in the location that makes it special to them
  • social - relationships they have developed in these regions
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9
Q

strong sense of place:

A
  • places that have a strong sense of identity and character that is felt deeply by its local inhabitants and possibly by visitors as well
  • claimed that this exists independently of any individuals perceptions or lived experiences
  • sense of place derives from natural environment as well as from mix of natural and cultural features in the landscape, and most importantly, includes the people who occupy the place
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10
Q

meaning:

A
  • this is another concept in place studies.
    derives from how a person or a group of people perceive a particular place, that is what the place means to them
  • highly subjective, eg for some it might be security, or neighbourliness
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11
Q

your sense of place:

A

this is determined by outcome of many connections involving interacting internal factors as well as a range of external factors such as global, national, regional and local influences

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12
Q

constantly changing (dynamic)

A
  • places are dynamic, changing both in terms of their material human and physical geographies, and also the meanings that are associated with them.
  • therefore, all places are changing places, in constant states of what geographers have variously referred to as becoming and being transformed
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13
Q

perceptions meaning

A
  • meanings may be expressed in terms of the perceptions of place, eg, or of particular associations or attributes of place such as danger/beauty
  • second, places can be meaningful at a sociocultural level
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14
Q

what is Belfast?

A

capital of the province and largest city of NI

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15
Q

main global changes that can affect Belfast?

A
  • increased air/sea traffic (containerisation)
  • resentment towards new groups arriving
  • Japanese/ South Korean competition for factories
  • urban development corporations are set up to develop industrial areas and refocus on tertiary and quarternary
  • increased global connections
  • big increase in migration, but consumer spending decrease due to London competition
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16
Q

some local changes that could affect Belfast?

A
  • physical location: Belfast Louth is more accessible and calmer for trade and shipbuilding, attracting working class catholic migrants
  • access to key cities, eg Liverpool and Manchester, influences cultural diversity
  • skill of migrants, eg, Queens University attracts and produces very high quality engineers/ lawyers/ medics who continue to work in Belfast Royal Hospital
  • low cultural diversity
17
Q

how Belfast has changed? part 1

A
  • closure of heavy industry (eg, Harland and Woolf)
  • catholic population disadvantaged in N Belfast (port traffic reduction)
  • tension and conflict between P and C communities (1.6k killed)
  • refocus on R&D, eg Queens University
  • Holywood/Harbour exchange/ Belfast city airport opened
  • polish/ Chinese/ Indian/ east European (6.6% ethnic minority)
18
Q

how Belfast has changed? part 2

A
  • USA linked to arming IRA, and consequent mediation by Clinton
  • Titanic Quarter redeveloped - becomes largest tourist attraction
  • GOT filmed on HBO studios = associated tourism
  • continued competition for Belfast Town Centre against online shopping
19
Q

some Belfast cultural facts

A
  • 2012: Belfast city council limits how many days the UK flag is flown
  • Ulster Unionists are loyal to the UK
  • Nationalists want Ireland to be separate from the UK
20
Q

how Belfast Population has changed?

A
  • huge increase in 20th century
  • peaked in 1970s (troubles)
  • inner-city population has fallen, suburbanisation
  • 51:49 C:P
  • south is richer, west is poorer
  • c/p divide in location too
  • segregation means violence on interface areas (peace walls)
  • 5000 muslim families and 200 Hindu
21
Q

what do people think about Belfast?

A
  • port city so it has very good access to rest of UK
  • prestigious university
  • shopping centre
  • cruise chip terminals
22
Q

urban fringe

A
  • countryside lost to urban growth, no planning controls

- reorganised - youth got unis/ clubs/ jobs

23
Q

commuter belt

A
  • counter urbanisation has led to dormitory towns, access for workers/ commuters to get to the urban area
24
Q

accessible countryside

A
  • beyond commuter territory, maybe
  • develop because of access to NP’s, city, particular scenic features
  • space, clean air, less crime, quiet
  • farmers sell land for housing, 2nd houses
  • middle class residents want restaurants but drive to supermarkets, not local shops
  • suburbanised villages
25
Q

remote countryside

A
  • takes a while to get there - for leisure/ recreation (upper/ older class)
  • mechanisation of agriculture =unemployment
  • rural depopulation/ RUM/ reurbanisation
  • poor road access
26
Q

retirement villages

A
  • cleaner air, closer community, less crime, more affluence, people now live longer
27
Q

North Antrim Coast

A
  • AONB (1988)
  • basalt plateau
  • beautiful coastline includes giants causeway, UNESCO site, Raithlin islands
  • key locations also include Ballintoy (GOT), and Bushmills (Whiskey) and Royal Porturhs (Golf Open)
  • connected to Belfast by M1 and A26
  • predominantly Protestant
28
Q

measures by density

A
  • 1960s estates: eg, Britwell/ Langley demand/ popularity (eg, Upton, Heathrow)
  • greenbelt limits, eg Southall
29
Q

measure by structure

A
  • younger in urban areas (reurbanisation)

- older in rural (rural depopulation)

30
Q

Factor 1 - Accessibility

A
  • young often move away for uni/ work, which creates an echo with fewer children born
  • why move to Belfast? M1/2/3 coincide and A26 dual carriageway connection between Belfast/ N Antrim coast increases 2nd home ownership
  • why move to Slough? M4/M25/M40/Heathrow/ GWML to paddington
31
Q

Factor 2 - Physical Geography

A
  • retired people sometimes move to the coast for views, lifestyle, perceived quieter community and older climate, and perception of cheaper property prices outside large cities = affordable
  • rugged N Antrim coast creates landscape for filming/ history/ preservation
32
Q

Factor 3 - History Landscape

A
  • some towns like to preserve culture (eg. bush mills delivery/ royal port rush) and also UNESCO site, causeway coast
33
Q

factor 4 - Planning

A
  • developers target the older market, eg, numerous 2 bedroom apartments and retirement complexes, mainly in semi/ rural areas.
  • but, Causeway Coast limits planning, but there is lots of space for large houses
34
Q

1.1 overall - Kilburn high street

A

Place is a very subjective and personalised interpretation of what a location is.

  • how demographic + cultural changes impact identity
35
Q

1.2 overall - Berkshire

A

Berkshire is successful
- population varies over time
- population of the UK has grown unevenly in the last 50 years - Berkshire has had rapid growth
- rapid/uneven growth in Berkshire due to PEEST factors

36
Q

Main changes in SE England

A

• Reurbanisation: university students move to London / Home countries, and remain for Quaternary sector jobs
• Counter-urbanisation:families drawn to outskirts / Home Counties, whilst continuing to commute to London

37
Q

1.3 overall - Belfast

A

International influences that have shaped a chosen place
- change can be represented through different forms, e.g. images
- Belfast = local + global changes, change over time, population change

38
Q

1.4 overall - North Antrim

A

Severe consequences for rural north coast Ireland, as population structure and density varies according to placement on rural-urban continuum, due to:
- accessibility, physical factors, role of planning, historical development

Geog (52 decks)

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