Component 1 (structure Of The Blood Vessels And Blood Distribution): Soc 16

Question 1

What is the importance of red blood cells?

Answer 1

• transports oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs
• they contain haemoglobin, which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide
• important for long distance runner as their working muslces

Question 2

What is the importance of white blood cells?

Answer 2

• contains transparent cells called white blood cells
• have an important function as the defence system of the body
• produce antibodies to fight against infection and diseases
• if athlete has a disease or infection they may not be able to train/perform

Question 3

What are the importance of patelets?

Answer 3

• formed in the bone marrow
• tiny fragments that clump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding
• blood is the fisrt line of defence in the repair of a wound
• when a blood vessel is cut, platelets rush to the area and swell into irregular shapes, they become sticky and act as a plug
• if a performer gets a skin/abrasion/cut the blood platelets will clot to stop

Question 4

What is the importsnce of plasma?

Answer 4

• main role of plasma is to take nutrients, hermones, and proteins to the parts od the body that need it
• cells also put their waste products into plasma. The plasma then helps remove the waste from the body

Question 5

What is the immune system?

Answer 5

The structures and processes in your body that arop diseases

Question 6

What is the thrombokinase?

Answer 6

Substance involved in blood clotting

Question 7

What is the serotonin?

Answer 7

Hormone that triggers the clotting process

Question 8

What is plasma?

Answer 8

The fluid part of blood

Question 9

What is erythrocyte?

Answer 9

Red blood cell

Question 10

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 10

A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen

Question 11

What is anaemia?

Answer 11

A condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood

Question 12

What is luekocyte?

Answer 12

White blood cell

Question 13

What is pathogen?

Answer 13

An agent that causes diseases, such as a virus

Question 14

What is an antibody?

Answer 14

Chemical that destroys a pathogen

Question 15

What do the ateries do?

Answer 15

1. Take blood away from the heart
2. Thick walls and are more elastic meaning they oxygenate blood
3. Channel blood flow through the lumen allowing more blood through to the working muscles
4. Pulmonary artery are different carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 16

What do the veins do?

Answer 16

1. Carry blood into heart
2. Have thinner walls, less elastic and carry blood at lower pressure
3. Contain many valves helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart
4. Pulmonary vein is different as they carry oxygenated blood from lungs to the heart

Question 17

What do the cappilaries do?

Answer 17

1. They are microscopic vessels one cell thick
2. Carry oxygenated blood when transfering oxygen and nutrients
3. At the other end carry deoxygenated into the veins picking up waste
4. Where the GASEOUS EXCHANGE takes place

Question 18

What are the 4 characteristics for Arteries

Answer 18

• arteries take blood AWAY from the heart
• have thicker walls than veins and are more elastic meaning higher blood pressure
• channels through the LUMEN which widen allowing more blood to pass through
• pulmonay arteries are different carries deoxygenated blood to the heat to the lungs

Question 19

What are the 4 characteristics for Veins?

Answer 19

• carries blood towards the heart
• has less thicker walls, less elastic meaning carrying at a lower blood pressure
• contains many VALVES that help deoxygenated flow to the heart
• pulmonary vein is different as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 20

What are the 4 characteristics for Capillaries?

Answer 20

• are microscopic vessels - one cell thick
• at one end carry oxygenated blood transfering oxygen and nutrients to the muscles
• where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 21

How does the heart pump blood?

Answer 21

• beats in a ‘lub dub’ rhythm
• first phase is thr systolic phase:
  -blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles (lub)
• both ventricles contract (dub)
• pushing deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to pulmonary artery
• oxygenated blood into the left ventricle leave the aorta to the body
• The second phase is dystolic phase:
  
  • where the heart relaxes refilling the atria with blood

Question 22

What is Blood pressure?

Answer 22

• blood pressure is measured of the force that your heart uses to pump the blood around the body
• higher blood pressure indicates risk of health problems
• the higher number is the systolic blood pressure the first number
• the lowest is the diastolic blood pressure the second number.