Coagulation Cascade (Final) Flashcards
What are the two parts of blood?
Plasma
Formed elements
Plasma
55% of blood
Mainly water
Albumin and other things
Formed Elements
45% of our blood
All of our blood cells
Platlets, Leukocytes, and erythociytes
Plasma Proteins
Albumin and globulins
Albumin
Found in plasma and is a carrier molecule
Most important role is regulation of water and solutes through capillaries (oncotic pressure)
Globulins
Found in plasma
HDLS
Prothrombin
Proteins that transport hormones
What is the most plentiful clotting factor?
-Fibrinogen
Most clotting proteins are produced where?
In the liver
Where are electrolytes contained?
In the plasma
Serum is what?
Plasma without the clotting factor
Serum + Clotting factor =
Plasma
Cell Components of blood
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Neutrophil
Eisinophil
Basophil
Monocyte (macrophage)
Lymphocyte
Natural killer cells
Platelet
Platlets
-NOT true cells
-Contain cytoplasmic granules which can release adhesive proteins, coagulation, and growth factors when they sense a vess injury
-A-nuclear (no nucleus)
Normal platelet count is
150,000-400,000
-Thombocytopenia = <100,000
Someone who is thrombocytopenic is at high risk for what?
-Bleeding
Where are platelets made? and where are additional platelets stored?
The are made in the bone marrow and stored in the spleen
Platelet Function
-Initially circulate freely in unactivated state (Un activated state)
Platelet Function: Damage to the blood vessel
Initiates platelet Activation
- Increased platelet adhesion (Vessel wall injury site) (Turns to dengritct forum)
- Activation leading to platelet degranulation
- Aggregation as platelet-vascular wall and platelet-platelet adherence increases
- Activation of the clotting system
Clotting Cascade
-Groups of proteins taht when activated form a blood clot
-Activated by tissue injury or infection
-Platelets activate this process then fibrin joins
What is the end goal of the clotting cascade?
Blood clot = meshwork of fibrin strands and platelets
Stops bleeding (Hemostasis)
Coagulation Cascade on Canvas (Stop at 13:30) (Will be tested on)
The initial plug is caused by what?
Platelets but they are not strong enough so they need fibrin strands
What is fibrin made up of?
Fibrin molecules and proteins that come together to form a polymer. Join end to end to create fibrin strand
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