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NUR 325 PATHO > CBC (Exam 3) > Flashcards

CBC (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Red Blood Cells

A

Erythrocytes

most abundant cells of the blood

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2
Q

Erythrocytes: Different in males and females

A

Males about 48%

Females about 42%

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3
Q

Normal Total Count Eryhtrocytes

A

4.2-4.6 million erythrocytes/mm3

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4
Q

Primary responsibility of Erythrocytes

A

Tissue oxygenation

Hemoglobin carries these gasses –> why we measure hemoglobin

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5
Q

White Blood Cells: Leukocytes

A

Never
Let
Monkey
Eat
Bananas

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocoytes
Eosinophiles
Basophils

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6
Q

White blood cells: Leukocytes categories

A
  1. Granulocytes:
    -Neutrophils (50-67%)
    -Eosinophiles (0-3%)
    -Basophiles (0-2%)

1.Argranulocytes
-Lymphocytes (24-40%)
-Monocytes (4-9%)

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7
Q

Granulocytes

A

Cells with nucleus, several lobes and granules.

Granules release mediators with inflammatory and immunity properites

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8
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Participates in immune response but do not release immune mediators

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9
Q

Neutrophiles

A

-First to arrive at site of inflammation

-Bands and segs (Band immature) (Seg mature)

-Increase with acute bacterial infections and trauma

-Shift to the left (increase of bands) (Acute stage of bacterial infection)

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10
Q

Lymphocytes

A

-Primary cells of immune response

-T-cells and B-cells

-Increase with chronic bacterial infection and acute viral infection

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11
Q

Acute bacterial infections

A

Strep throat or something that is resolved quickly

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12
Q

Chronic Bacterial Infection

A

Wound on foot with MRSA. Last for long time

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13
Q

Monocytes

A

-Phagocytosis cells (eat left over junk)

-Increase with bacterial infections and cancers

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14
Q

Eosinophils

A

-Role in phagocytosis

-Increase with allergic reactions or parasitic infections

-Worms; wheezes and weird disease

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15
Q

Basophiles

A

-Increase with allergic reactions (Hypersenitivies, inflammatory reactions)

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16
Q

Argangular Leukocytes

A

-Lymphocytes
-Monocytes

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17
Q

Granular Leukocytes

A

Basophils
Neutrophils
Eosinophils

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18
Q

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

-Measure amount of hemoglobin in your blood (oxygen carrying capacity)

19
Q

Hgb Normal Values

A

Male: 14-18

Female: 12-16

20
Q

Low Hemoglobin

A

Bleeding, folate/B12 deficiencies, cancers, kidney and liver disease

21
Q

High hemoglobin

A

Polycythemia, COPD, live in high altitude and heavy smokers

22
Q

Hematocrit (Hct)

A

-Percentage of blood that is made up of packed red blood cells

23
Q

Hematocrit: Interpreted in percentages

A

A Hct of 40% indicates that there are 40 mL of packed RBC’s in 100 ml of blood

24
Q

Low Hematocrit

A

Anemia, bleeding, bleeding disorder, and fluid imbalances

25
Q

high hematocrit

A

polycythemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease

26
Q

Other Red Cell Labs

A

Red cell count: total # of erythrocytes in the blood

Mean corpuscle volume: Size of erythrocytes

Mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH): Amount of hemoglobin in erythrocyte by weight

27
Q

WBC total count

A

5,000 - 10,000

28
Q

Increase WBC

A

Leukocytosis

29
Q

Decreased WBC

A

Leukopenia

30
Q

Decreased neutrophiles

A

neutropenia

31
Q

CBC

A

Complete Blood Count

WBC
Platelet
RBC
Hct
Hgb

32
Q

WBC with Diff (CBC with DIff)

A

-2 componenets

  1. Total number of WBC’s in mm3 (absolute number)
  2. Determination of the proportion of each of the 5 WBC’s in a sample of 100
33
Q

CBC with DIff Interpretation

A

-An increased % in one type means a decrease in % of another type

-Although the absolute # of the second type does not change

34
Q

Example PP

A

Reading CBC

35
Q

What else to look for with an infection:

A

-Increased in temperature

-Fever can improve immune response

-Decrease virulence of some bacteria

36
Q

Leukopenia: Neutropneia

A

-Most often cancer patients

-Susceptible to bacterial infections

37
Q

Neutropenia: Precautions

A

-Good hygiene
-Avoid contact with people who are sick
-Avoid raw fruits, vegetables, grains
-No fresh flowers
-Keep door closed

38
Q

Leukopenia: Pharmacologic treatment

A

-Hematopoietic agents

39
Q

Filgrastim: Class

A

Granulocyte Colony stimulating factors

40
Q

Filgrastim: MOA

A

Promoting proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granulocytes

41
Q

Filgrastim: Indications

A

Malignancies, chemo-induced leukopenia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia

IV or Sub Q

42
Q

Filgrastim: Adverse Effect

A

Bone pain, leukocytosis

43
Q

Pegfilgrastim:
MOA
Route
AE

A

Long acting derivative of filgrastim

Increased production of neutrophils

-SQ

-Bone Pain

Pegylated = delayed excretion by the kidneys

NUR 325 PATHO (34 decks)

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