Chromosomal Abnormalities Flashcards
What is nondisjunction?
Chromosomes don’t separate properly during meiosis
What is trisomy?
Diploid cells have 3 copies of on chromosome type
What is monosomy?
Diploid cells have 1 copy of a chromosome
What are autosomes?
Not sex chromosomes
What are sex chromosomes?
Genes that determine a humans sex
What is barr body?
One of two x-chromosomes gets inactivated in every cell, random on which x
What is deletion?
A gene gets missed
What is duplication?
A gene or genes gets doubled
What is inversion?
A few genes get flipped/reversed
What is translocation?
The wrong homologous chromosomes cross over
How does nondisjunction lead to an incorrect number of chromosomes?
Some will have no chromosomes while others can have too many
What determines a humans biological sex at birth?
XX - female
XY - male
What happens to a zygote in deletion?
1 version for gene instead of 2, might not make enough functional protein
What happens to a zygote in duplication?
3 versions of gene instead of 2, might make too much of a protein
What happens to a zygote in translocation?
