Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
Proteins that help chemical reactions occur at a faster rate
What is a substrate?
A molecule that an enzyme reacts with
What is the active site?
The part of the enzyme where the substrate bins
What is the activation energy?
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur
What is the relationship between reaction rate and substrate concentration?
More substrate = more collision
What is the relationship between reaction rate and pH?
More acidic environment is lower numbers, top/peak is optimal pH, too acidic/basic = denaturation
What is the relationship between reaction rate and enzyme concentration?
More enzymes = more reaction
What is the relationship between reaction rate and temperature?
The highest/optimum temperature is 37 degrees Celsius, once it gets higher it will denature
How would enzyme activity be maximized?
By adding higher temperatures it would cause the activity to be maximized
What is the inhibition of enzymes?
Enzymes being turned “off” and they reduce enzyme activity
What is the activation of enzymes?
Enzymes being turned “on” and cofactors or coenzymes (vitamins) maintain/change active sites to make the substrate fit
How would enzyme activity be minimized?
Lower temperatures will minimize the enzyme activity
What is collision theory?
Reactants have to collide for a reaction to occur
What are competitive inhibitors?
Ones that directly compete to attach to the direct site
What are non competitive inhibitors?
Ones that do not act on site but instead attach to a separate spot
