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School > Child Development - The Baby's First Year > Flashcards

Child Development - The Baby's First Year Flashcards

1
Q

laws of growth (4)

A
  1. head to foot - learning to walk
  2. near to far - their waste development
  3. simple to complex - using both hands, using fingers
  4. continuous and orderly - both arms and legs grow together
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2
Q

maturation

A

physically maturing

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3
Q

a newborn… through the first week

A

loses weight

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4
Q

in the first 6 months, an infant will gain… a month

A

1 to 2lbs

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5
Q

in the last 6 months, an infant will gain… a month

A

1lb

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6
Q

in one year, a child will…his/her birth weight

A

weight triple

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7
Q

average height of a 1 year old

A

30 inches or 2.5 feet

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8
Q

proportion

A

relationship between different parts of the body

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9
Q

gross motor development

A

large motor movement (arms, legs)

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10
Q

complex motor development

A

small motor movement

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11
Q

reflexes present at birth? how old? (4)

A
  1. grasping - 2months
  2. startle - 3 months
  3. Babinski - 6-9 months
  4. rooting - 9 months
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12
Q

what kind of baby recognizes their parents cross-eyed? (what age…?)

A

newborn baby

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13
Q

when can a baby see 3 dimensional objects?

A

at 2 months

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14
Q

when does a baby develop stranger anxiety?

A

at 6 months

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15
Q

when can a baby follow far away sights?

A

at 12 months, 1 year old

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16
Q

what tastes can a baby distinguish?

what do they prefer?

A

sour, sweet, and salty

sweet

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17
Q

common reactions of teething? (6)

A

restlessness

crankiness

drool

low grade temp (under 100)

loose stools

small white lump in the gums w/ discomfort for 2-10 days

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18
Q

what is the cause of a high temp, diarrhea, or cold symptoms?

A

a lowered resistance because of teething

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19
Q

a baby’s first teeth?

at what age does he/she get them?

what order does he lose them in?

A

central incisors

6-10 months

he/she will lose them in the order that he/she got them

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20
Q

how many teeth does a child have?

at what age?

A

20 primary teeth

3 years old

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21
Q

when to feed baby?

A

every 2 hours

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22
Q

how long should you breast feed or feed w/ formula?

why does a baby need this?

A

11-12 months

nutrients and it helps the brain develop

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23
Q

weaning

A

changing from breast or bottle to the cup

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24
Q

how long to sponge bathe a baby? (2)

A

until the cord dries off and falls off

about 2 weeks

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25
Q

cradle cap

how to cure it?

A

crusty patches on the scalp

Vaseline at night

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26
Q

what to test water temperature with?

A

your elbow b/c its more sensitive than your hand

27
Q

emotional development

A

how you feel about yourself

28
Q

social development

A

how you relate to others

29
Q

three factors that affect the baby’s emotional development? (3)

A
  1. child’s individuality
  2. type of care
  3. atmosphere of the home
30
Q

temperament

A

a child’s style of reacting to different situations, personalities, abilities, and talents

31
Q

how does a baby develop socially?

A

by interacting with those around him

32
Q

attachment

A

a strong bond a child feels for his caregiver that forms because of this physical contact

33
Q

failure to thrive?

what causes this? (2)

A

a condition in which the baby does not grow or develop properly

neglect and improper care, health problems with the baby

34
Q

marasmus

A

extreme failure to thrive

35
Q

sensitive child positives and negatives (6)

A

(+)

  1. tender
  2. compassionate
  3. caring

(-)

  1. fussy
  2. “cry baby”
  3. tattler
36
Q

placid child positives and negatives (6)

A

(+)

  1. easy going
  2. patient
  3. calm

(-)

  1. lazy
  2. doesn’t care
  3. complacent
37
Q

aggressive child positives and negatives (6)

A

(+)

  1. independent
  2. leader
  3. energetic

(-)

  1. demanding
  2. inconsiderate
  3. aggressive
38
Q

assimilation

A

children form general concepts in their mind

39
Q

accommodation

A

refining categories and concepts

40
Q

Piaget’s Stages and ages: (4)

A
  1. sensorimotor: birth - 1.5 years
  2. preoperational: 2-7 years
  3. concrete operations: 7-11 years
  4. formal operations: 11- adulthood
41
Q

object permanence

when does this occur?

A

when objects continue to exist even when they’re out of sight - can find partially hidden objects

10 months

42
Q

how do children learn? (2)

A

language and mental images

43
Q

characteristics of children in the preoperational stage (7)

A

make-believe play is used to create and express all kinds of mental images

egocentrism

feelings rather than logic

multiple classification - ability to understand that an object may fit into more than one category

not knowing difference b/t real and make-believe

seriation - ability to order groups of things by size, weight, or any common property

doesn’t recognize the parts to a whole

44
Q

describe the concrete operational stage (3)

A

learns to solve complex problems using basic knowledge

can’t think in abstract ways

conservation, reversibility, multiple classification, and seriation skills perfected

45
Q

conservation

A

a given amount of anything remains the same

46
Q

describe formal operations stage (2)

A

can think thru complex problems, find several solutions, and choose the most logical one

can think in abstract ways

47
Q

what do we learn from Piaget in general? (3)

A
  1. children learn to master one skill before another
  2. children learn in their own ways
  3. children don’t do things how adults do
48
Q

describe the sensorimotor stage (2)

A

children learn about the world through their senses and body movements

object permanence

49
Q

describe the preoperational stage

A

language and mental images

49
Q

The word “toy” means

A

Tools for a child

50
Q

The most consideration is

A

Is it safe?

51
Q

When was the child protection and toy safety act passed?

A

In 1969

52
Q

5 points to remember when selecting safe toy

A
  1. Size of the toy and pieces should be bigger than 1.5 inches
  2. String no longer than 12 inches
53
Q

Toys should be…

A

Age appropriate

54
Q

Toys for 0-3 months

Why?

A

Colored pics, colored bumper pads

baby is immobile

55
Q

Toys for 4-6 months

Why?

A

Teething rings, rattles, squeaky toys

Rolling over, hand dexterity, caus and effect

56
Q

Toys for 7-9 months

A

Blocks, balls, stacking toys

Crawling, sitting up, better hand dexterity

57
Q

Toys for 10-12 months

Why?

A

Push/pull toys, simple books

Standing up, walking beside furniture

58
Q

What are toys designed to encourage?

A
  1. Hand eye coordination
  2. Large motor skills
  3. Manipulative and fine motor skills
  4. Basic concepts and problem solving
  5. Imitation and pretending
59
Q

The number one leading cause of injury/death of infant (2)

A

Unintentional injuries

Baby head shaking syndrome

60
Q

What does DPT stand for?

A

Diphtheria

Pertussis

Tetanus

61
Q

How long someone can study without being bored

A

Attention span

62
Q

The person who came up with the age/stage of child development theory

A

Piaget

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