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School > Child Development: Sexuality and Sexual Reproduction > Flashcards

Child Development: Sexuality and Sexual Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

define sexuality

A

refers to a person’s concept of self as male and female

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2
Q

define Hormones

A

body chemicals that influence physical body changes and often causes mood swings

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3
Q

define values

A

principles a person considers important and uses as a guide for his / her life.

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4
Q

define consequences

A

results from making sexual decisions

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5
Q

what is a personal consequence?

A

how one feels about his or her partner after sexual intercourse has occurred

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6
Q

how can someone completely avoid pregnancy and STDs?

A

abstinence

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7
Q

what reduces the risk of pregnancy?

A

contraceptives

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8
Q

what can decrease the risk of transmitting STDs?

A

condoms

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9
Q

why should a teen who suspects she is pregnant, see a physician immediately?

A

to be sure that she is pregnant

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10
Q

sources of help for a pregnant teen include… (3)

A
  • pregnancy test and begin prenatal care

- parents, pastors, teachers, etc.

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11
Q

alternatives that a pregnant teenager may consider include: (5)

A

remaining single

getting married

parent the child together

adoption

abortion

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12
Q

what are the statistics for divorce rates for teen marriages? (1)

2 consequences? (2)

A

they are 3 times higher than those who marry in their early 20s

the income is low and there is little education

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13
Q

what does adoption involve?

what is different about the bio. parent’s decisions on adoption vs. abortion

A

the termination of rights for BOTH biological parents and should involve professionals.

  • adoption = needs BOTH parent’s consent
  • abortion = only depends on women’s decision
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14
Q

what are some increased health concerns for pregnant teens? (4)

A

toxemia, iron deficiency, UTI, and prolonged labor

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15
Q

what are babies of teenage mothers at higher risk of, and more likely to… what? (3)

A

to die in their first year, premature birth, and a low birth weight

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16
Q

teen parents are likely to have financial problems because…?

A

emotional and social stress

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17
Q

what occurs in an ovulation?

A

the release of the egg from the ovaries; pituitary glands signal follicle to release the egg; and then empty follicles signals body to release the hormone, progesterone, which prepares the body for possible pregnancy

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18
Q

what hormone prepares the body for pregnancy?

A

progesterone

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19
Q

what is a follicle?

A

a sac that contains immature egg cells

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20
Q

what are ovaries?

A

two glands which holds follicles, which produce eggs

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21
Q

what is the size of an ovary?

A

a robin’s egg

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22
Q

what is an ovum? (ova = plural)

A

an egg cell

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23
Q

describe the shape of the ovum

A

1/4 the size of a pin head

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24
Q

how many ova are present at birth?

A

300,000

25
Q

how many ova ripen during a woman’s lifetime?

A

300-400

26
Q

how long do eggs live?

A

24 hours, if not fertilized

27
Q

describe the shape and size of the fallopian tubes

A

5-inch long

the diameter of a phone cord

28
Q

what is conception?

A

where the sperm and egg unite

29
Q

where does conception occur?

A

usually in the fallopian tubes

30
Q

what is ejaculation

A

the discharge of semen and sperm from the penis

31
Q

what is sperm / semen?

A

male sex cells carried by fluid

32
Q

how many sperm are made every day?

A

100 million

33
Q

what does semen / sperm contain?

A

genetic blueprints and it determines the sex of the baby

34
Q

how long does sperm / semen live for?

A

3-5 days and they reside in the fallopian tube

35
Q

how many sperm usually make it to the ovum?

A

only a few dozen

36
Q

how many sperm penetrate the ovum

A

only ONE

37
Q

what shuts the for any other sperm to penetrate the ovum?

A

chemical changes in a fertilized egg

38
Q

define vagina

A

folded muscle and tissue

39
Q

define Cervix (2)

A

the birth canal

the neck of the uterus

40
Q

how much does the cervix have to expand, in order to birth a baby?

A

10 centimeters

41
Q

define uterus

A

the womb

42
Q

describe the shape and size of the uterus

A

pear-shaped

size of a closed fist

43
Q

the cervix can expand to hold how many babies?

A

up to 8

44
Q

what is an ectopic pregnancy?

A

when a fertilized egg remains in the fallopian tube and tries to burrow into the wall of the tube

45
Q

define endometrium

A

the inner living of the uterus

46
Q

what do blood vessels do in the endometrium?

A

thousands of blood vessels thicken in preparation for nourishing the fertilized egg

47
Q

explain the differences between the birth of fraternal twins (3) and identical twins (4):

A

Fraternal:

  • 2 ova are released
  • fertilized by 2 sperm
  • may not look alike / have same sex

Identical:

  • 1 ovum is released
  • fertilized by 1 sperm
  • the fertilized egg splits completely in half
  • will have the same genetic blueprint and be the same sex
48
Q

what are conjoined twins?

A

identical twins where the fertilized egg hasn’t totally split in half

49
Q

describe the menstrual cycle:

A

Day 1: first day of period
Day 14: ovulation begins
Day 28: end of cycle

Day 1 - 14 = most fertile

Day 15-28 = least fertile

50
Q

when would a women most likely become pregnant?

A

during the middle of her cycle

51
Q

the average female most often ovulates….

A

2 weeks before the first day of menstruation

52
Q

if an average women has intercourse w/o precautions twice a week for one month, what are her chances of getting pregnant (ratio)

A

1 in 4

53
Q

first and second most reliable methods of birth control ? (2)

A
  1. the pill

2. condoms

54
Q

where does conception usually occur?

A

in the fallopian tubes

55
Q

when during a woman’s cycle, is she certain NOT to become pregnant?

A

no time is certain

56
Q

the time during the menstrual cycle when the chances of pregnancy are lowest is… when?

A

just before menstruation

57
Q

what is the ratio of sexually active teens who use birth control consistently?

A

1 out of 5

58
Q

the number of sperm in a normal male ejaculation is approximately…

A

500 million

59
Q

describe the sperm’s journey to the waiting egg (ovum) (4 steps)

A

vagina, cervix, uterus, and then the fallopian tubes

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