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Child Development: Sexuality and Sexual Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

define sexuality

A

refers to a person’s concept of self as male and female

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2
Q

define Hormones

A

body chemicals that influence physical body changes and often causes mood swings

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3
Q

define values

A

principles a person considers important and uses as a guide for his / her life.

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4
Q

define consequences

A

results from making sexual decisions

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5
Q

what is a personal consequence?

A

how one feels about his or her partner after sexual intercourse has occurred

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6
Q

how can someone completely avoid pregnancy and STDs?

A

abstinence

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7
Q

what reduces the risk of pregnancy?

A

contraceptives

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8
Q

what can decrease the risk of transmitting STDs?

A

condoms

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9
Q

why should a teen who suspects she is pregnant, see a physician immediately?

A

to be sure that she is pregnant

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10
Q

sources of help for a pregnant teen include… (3)

A
  • pregnancy test and begin prenatal care

- parents, pastors, teachers, etc.

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11
Q

alternatives that a pregnant teenager may consider include: (5)

A

remaining single

getting married

parent the child together

adoption

abortion

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12
Q

what are the statistics for divorce rates for teen marriages? (1)

2 consequences? (2)

A

they are 3 times higher than those who marry in their early 20s

the income is low and there is little education

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13
Q

what does adoption involve?

what is different about the bio. parent’s decisions on adoption vs. abortion

A

the termination of rights for BOTH biological parents and should involve professionals.

  • adoption = needs BOTH parent’s consent
  • abortion = only depends on women’s decision
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14
Q

what are some increased health concerns for pregnant teens? (4)

A

toxemia, iron deficiency, UTI, and prolonged labor

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15
Q

what are babies of teenage mothers at higher risk of, and more likely to… what? (3)

A

to die in their first year, premature birth, and a low birth weight

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16
Q

teen parents are likely to have financial problems because…?

A

emotional and social stress

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17
Q

what occurs in an ovulation?

A

the release of the egg from the ovaries; pituitary glands signal follicle to release the egg; and then empty follicles signals body to release the hormone, progesterone, which prepares the body for possible pregnancy

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18
Q

what hormone prepares the body for pregnancy?

A

progesterone

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19
Q

what is a follicle?

A

a sac that contains immature egg cells

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20
Q

what are ovaries?

A

two glands which holds follicles, which produce eggs

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21
Q

what is the size of an ovary?

A

a robin’s egg

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22
Q

what is an ovum? (ova = plural)

A

an egg cell

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23
Q

describe the shape of the ovum

A

1/4 the size of a pin head

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24
Q

how many ova are present at birth?

25
how many ova ripen during a woman's lifetime?
300-400
26
how long do eggs live?
24 hours, if not fertilized
27
describe the shape and size of the fallopian tubes
5-inch long the diameter of a phone cord
28
what is conception?
where the sperm and egg unite
29
where does conception occur?
usually in the fallopian tubes
30
what is ejaculation
the discharge of semen and sperm from the penis
31
what is sperm / semen?
male sex cells carried by fluid
32
how many sperm are made every day?
100 million
33
what does semen / sperm contain?
genetic blueprints and it determines the sex of the baby
34
how long does sperm / semen live for?
3-5 days and they reside in the fallopian tube
35
how many sperm usually make it to the ovum?
only a few dozen
36
how many sperm penetrate the ovum
only ONE
37
what shuts the for any other sperm to penetrate the ovum?
chemical changes in a fertilized egg
38
define vagina
folded muscle and tissue
39
define Cervix (2)
the birth canal the neck of the uterus
40
how much does the cervix have to expand, in order to birth a baby?
10 centimeters
41
define uterus
the womb
42
describe the shape and size of the uterus
pear-shaped size of a closed fist
43
the cervix can expand to hold how many babies?
up to 8
44
what is an ectopic pregnancy?
when a fertilized egg remains in the fallopian tube and tries to burrow into the wall of the tube
45
define endometrium
the inner living of the uterus
46
what do blood vessels do in the endometrium?
thousands of blood vessels thicken in preparation for nourishing the fertilized egg
47
explain the differences between the birth of fraternal twins (3) and identical twins (4):
Fraternal: - 2 ova are released - fertilized by 2 sperm - may not look alike / have same sex Identical: - 1 ovum is released - fertilized by 1 sperm - the fertilized egg splits completely in half - will have the same genetic blueprint and be the same sex
48
what are conjoined twins?
identical twins where the fertilized egg hasn't totally split in half
49
describe the menstrual cycle:
Day 1: first day of period Day 14: ovulation begins Day 28: end of cycle Day 1 - 14 = most fertile Day 15-28 = least fertile
50
when would a women most likely become pregnant?
during the middle of her cycle
51
the average female most often ovulates....
2 weeks before the first day of menstruation
52
if an average women has intercourse w/o precautions twice a week for one month, what are her chances of getting pregnant (ratio)
1 in 4
53
first and second most reliable methods of birth control ? (2)
1. the pill | 2. condoms
54
where does conception usually occur?
in the fallopian tubes
55
when during a woman's cycle, is she certain NOT to become pregnant?
no time is certain
56
the time during the menstrual cycle when the chances of pregnancy are lowest is... when?
just before menstruation
57
what is the ratio of sexually active teens who use birth control consistently?
1 out of 5
58
the number of sperm in a normal male ejaculation is approximately...
500 million
59
describe the sperm's journey to the waiting egg (ovum) (4 steps)
vagina, cervix, uterus, and then the fallopian tubes

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