APUSH: Chapter 11 [DONE]

Question 1

what were some of the main beliefs of the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans?

Answer 1

agrarian (ppl who advocate distribution of land) purity, liberty, and states’ rights

Question 2

what did the federalists accuse Thomas Jefferson of in the election of 1800?

Answer 2

stealing a widow and child’s trustfund

being the father of numerous children by his slave women

being an atheist

Question 3

from what region of the country did Thomas Jefferson receive most of his support?

Answer 3

south and west virginia

Question 4

what was so significant about Jefferson’s election and the “Revolution of 1800”

Answer 4

both powers accepted transfer of power peacefully

Jefferson won by the barest of margins

Question 5

characterize how Jefferson and his administration utilized the office of the presidency - how did he lead the gov and nation?

Answer 5

alien and sedition acts expired

kept Hamiltonian system, except the excise tax

Question 6

explain the main reason Jefferson opposed Adam’s last-minute appointment of federal judges to the bench

Answer 6

the Congress would be stacked high with federalists for life

Question 7

as president, what did Jefferson do to the major Federalist economic programs?

Answer 7

kept all of them, except the excise tax

Question 8

describe Marbury vs. Madison.

What was the constitutional question/issue of the case?

Answer 8

final authority to determine the meaning of the constitution, thanks to judicial review, supreme court had final say

Question 9

as chief justice of the US, how did John Marshall transform the judicial branch of government?

Answer 9

he gave it more power

Question 10

why did Jefferson end his opposition to the expansion of the navy?

Answer 10

pirates of northern African Barbary states plundered American merchant ships

Question 11

what was Jefferson’s first major foreign-policy decision? (2)

Answer 11

“Peaceful coercion” - gave up military force

or

dispatched troops to Tripoli b/c of Pirates

Question 12

why did Jefferson send two representatives to France in 1803?

Answer 12

to buy New Orleans b/c Spain withdrew the right of deposit

Question 13

describe the British policy of impressment

Answer 13

forced enlistment of sailors

Question 14

what did Jefferson do to deal with British and French violations of America’s neutrality?

Answer 14

embargo act - cut off ALL trade to EVERYONE

Question 15

what arguments were used by the war hawks as a justification for a declaration of war against Britain?

Answer 15

to wipe out the Indian threat, which was supported by the British

Question 16

why did Jefferson’s embargo act fail? (4)

Answer 16

Jefferson underestimated British determination

overestimated dependency on American Trade

the French just seized American ships and stole their cargo

British traded with Latin America

Question 17

What major foreign-policy mistake did Pres. James Monroe make?

Answer 17

accepted French offer to repeal embargo, but it failed, so that pinned the US against the Britain

Question 18

after it started, what region of the country strongly supported the War of 1812, why?

Answer 18

republicans in the middle states

south and west

Question 19

what was the opinion of the New England states during the War of 1812?

Answer 19

sympathized with Britain

resented republican’s sympathy towards Napoleon

opposed acquisition of Canada b/c it would strengthen Jeffersonian republicans

Question 20

Revolution of 1800 (2)

Answer 20

electoral victory of Democratic Republicans (Jefferson) and the Federalists (Adams), who lost.

• transfer of power was peaceful

Question 21

Patronage

Answer 21

practice of rewarding political support with special favors, often in the form of public office

Question 22

Judiciary act of 1801

Answer 22

passed by departing Federalist congress, it created 16 new federal judgeships, which ensured a federalists hold on the judiciary

Question 23

midnight judges

Answer 23

federal justices appointed by Adams during the last days of his presidency.

Question 24

Marbury vs. Madison

Answer 24

supreme court case that established the priniciple of “judicial review” - the idea that the supreme court had the final authority to determine constitutionality

Question 25

Tripolitan war

Answer 25

4-year conflict b/t American navy and North-African nation of Tripoli over piracy in the mediterranean

Question 26

Louisiana purchase

Answer 26

acquisition of Louisiana territory from France

Question 27

corps of discovery

Answer 27

team of adventurers, led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, sent by Jefferson to explore Louisiana territory and find a water route to the Pacific.

Question 28

orders in council

Answer 28

edicts issued by the British Crown closing French-owned European ports to foreign shipping

(edict = an official or proclamation)

Question 29

impressment

Answer 29

act of forcibly drafting an individual into military service, employed by the British navy against American seamen in times of war against France

Question 30

Chesapeake affair

Answer 30

conflict b/t Britain and the US that resulted in the 1807 embargo

Question 31

non-intercourse act

Answer 31

America reopened trade with all but Britain and France

Question 32

Macon’s bill no. 2

Answer 32

aimed at resuming peaceful trade with Britain and France, the act stipulated that if either Britain or France repealed its trade restrictions, the US would reinstate the embargo against the nations

Question 33

war hawks

Answer 33

democratic-republican congressmen who pressed Madison to declare war on Britain

• mainly came from south and west

Question 34

Battle of Tippecanoe

Answer 34

resulted in the defeat of Shawnee chief Tenskwatawa, the “Prophet” at the hands of William Henry Harrison