APUSH - Ch. 33 Study Guide Flashcards
How did Sec. of State Henry Stimson deal with the Manchurian crisis?
infantile paralysis
The strongest supporter of—and advocate for—the poor and minorities in FDRs years was what person?
Eleanor Roosevelt - TR’s Wife
What did FDR say he would do to combat the economic crisis when he became president? (2)
create a new deal for the “forgotten man”
to balance the budget
How would you characterize the beginning days of FDRs presidency?
Hopeful
What was the dramatic change in the election of 1932 as far as African Americans were concerned?
the Depression?
When Franklin Roosevelt assumed the presidency in March 1933 what kind of political support did he have?
the Congress
The Works Progress Adm. was a major _______________ program of the New Deal; the Public Works Adm. was a long-range __________ program; and the Social Security Act was a major_______________ program.
relief
recovery
reform
What ended the string of bank failures that became a part of FDR’s 100 days?
Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act: law creating the Federal deposit Insurance Corporation, which insured individual bank deposits and ended a century-long tradition of unstable banking that had reached a crisis in the Great Depression
What was the first crisis that FDR had to address and what did he do?
Bank Failures - assured people that it was now safer to keep money in a reopened bank ?
What was the effect of Franklin Roosevelt taking America off the gold standard? (2)
domestic circulation continued to be prohibited
gold coins became collectors’ items
What New Deal program became the most popular?
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): a Gov. program created by Congress to hire young unemployed men to improve the rural, out-of-doors environment with such work as planting trees, fighting fires, draining swamps, and maintaining National Parks
What was one of the most complex and ambitious New Deal programs?
National Recovery Administrations (NRA): “National Run Around” early New Deal program designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed
What was the most radical of FDR’s New Deal programs that was set up by the 100 Days Congress?
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA): one of the most revolutionary of the New Deal public work projects, it brought cheap electric power, full employment, low-cost housing, and environmental improvements to Americans in the Tennessee Valley
Who was FDR’s close advisor who was the administrator of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration?
Harry L. Hopkins
Who was the author of “Share the Wealth” which taxed the rich to help the poor and make every man a king?
Senator Huey P.
What were the causes of the Dust Bowl? (2)
drought
wind
What gave Indians tribal self-rule?
the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 – “Indian New Deal”: encouraged tribes to establish local self-government and to preserve their native crafts and traditions
What was life like for Okies and other Dust Bowl migrants and where did they go to get work? (4)
Southern California
unwelcome
scare resources
harsh winters
What was put in place to try to stop insider trading and force full disclosure of the economic health of a company?
Tennessee Valley Authority
The strongest criticisms leveled against the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was that…?
the low cost of TVA Power was due to dishonest bookkeeping and the absence of taxes
Why did some private industry dislike the TVA?
because it was a wedge of government control
What were the provisions of the Social Security Act of 1935?
provided for unemployment and age-old insurance financed by a pay roll tax on employers and employees
What did the Wagner-Connery Act of 1935 do?
protected the right of labor to organize in unions and bargain collectively with employers, and established the National Labor Relations Board to monitor unfair labor practices on the part of employer
What was the main issue of the 1936 election?
the presidential campaign battle between Roosevelt (Democrats) vs. Alfred M. Landon (republicans)
Why did FDR attempt to add members to the Supreme Court in 1937?
to break down the checks and balances among the 3 branches of the gov.
The 1937 Roosevelt recession caused him to move toward the economic philosophy of what individual?
John Maynard Keynes - Keynesianism: economic theory holding that central banks should adjust interest rates and governments should use deficit spending and tax policies to increase purchasing power and hence prosperity
During the 1930s the national debt…
Skyrocketed
When did the New Deal essentially end, with no new programs implemented?
1938-1939: international crisis erupted and pushed aside the necessity for reform
What did the New Deal do – that European nations were not able to do? (3)
Roosevelt exercised power to relieve the erosion of the nation’s people
provided bold reform
Helped preserve democracy
