APUSH: Chapter 6, 7, and 8 [DONE] Flashcards
<span>Describe America at the beginning with the 17th century</span>
War filled; there have been 9 wars since 1688 and America has been involved in all of them
Why was France finally able to join in the scramble for colonies in the New World?
France was convulsed with foreign wars and domestic strife (notably, the clashes b/t the Roman Catholics and Protestant Huguenots)
Describe the government in New France (Canada)
fell under direct control of the king after various commercial companies had faltered or failed.
Primary economic pursuit of early settlers in New France was?
Beavers
New England colonists were outraged when British diplomats returned what to France in 1748
Louisbourg
Reason France needed to control the Ohio Valley was?
because it was the key to the continent that they wanted to possess
Describe George Washington’s first military command in the French and Indian War
Washington built a fort at the bottom of the valley (Fort Necessity); there was a 10 hour siege and then was forced to surrender his entire command in July 1754; he was allowed to march his men away excluding their weapons
Purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754 was to?
achieve greater colonial unity and strengthen the common defense against France
Why was Benjamin Franklin’s plan for colonial home rule rejected by the individual colonies?
Colonists thought that it didn’t give them enough independence; British officials believed it gave them too much independence
What did the Seven Years’ War do to the American Colonies?
colonists refused to provide troops annd money for the conflict, they demanded the rights of englishmen without the duties and responsibilities of Englishmen; later got bribed by William Pitt to defend themselves against the enemy
after the defeat of Chief Pontiac and his alliance, Britain decided to do?
The London Gov. issued the proclamation of 1763 - it prohibited settlement beyond the Appalachians.
Chief Pontiac decided to try to drive the British out of the Ohio Valley because…?
they lost their most powerful diplomatic weapon - the ability to play off the rival European powers against one another
What was the purpose of issuing the Proclamation of 1763? fepkp
to work out the Indian problems
American response to the Proclamation of 1763?
they were angered and dismayed at this because they believed the land was a part of their birthright
concerning the Revolution, American Colonists were..?
“reluctant revolutionaries” and sought to claim the “rights of englishmen”, not to separate from the mother country
Republicanism: a just society depends on…?
the virtue of citizenry
Radical Whigs feared that…?
the threat to liberty posed by the arbitrary power of the monarch
Mercantilists believed that…?
wealth was power and that a country’s wealth could be measured by the amount of silver or gold they contained in the treasurty
Purpose of Navigation Laws before 1763?
they were made to regulate colonial shipping, but was ignored by colonists
Why did colonists dislike the Mercanitile System?
Burdened colonists with liabilities, stifled economic initiative, imposed a ranking dependency on British agents and creditors, felt it was debasing, and they felt like they were being used.
Benefits of Mercantile System?
believed that Britain lived for the colonies, London paid liberal bounties to colonial producers of ship parts, Virginia got a monopoly in the British market, colonists gained protection from mightiest navy and a strong army of redcoats w/o the cost of a cent
affect of the Stamp Act?
Americans were angry and believed it was a strike against their local liberties; some Colonial Assemblies refused to comply with the quartering act or voted only a fraction of the supplies that it called for
Effect of the Sugar Act?
increased duty on foreign sugar imported from the west indies; duties were lowered after protests from colonists
Events in chronological order? –> Sugar Act, Declaratory Act, Stamp Act, and repeal of the Stamp Act.
Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Stamp Act repeal, and Declaratory Act
what does virtual representation represent?
Greenville claimed that every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, even those Americans in Boston or Charleston who hadn’t voted for any of the members of Parliament
What did Samuel Adams do?
organized a resistance to the Stamp Act and helped found the Committees of Corrsepondance
What did John Adams do?
was a member of the continental congress; was appointed to write the Declaration of Independence, but Thomas Jefferson wrote most of it
Why were the local committees of correspondance organized by Samuel Adams
b/c he cherished a deep faith in the common people and he lived for politics
when Parliament passed the Tea Act, how did the colonists react?
Boston Tea Party
What was the most drastic measure of the Intolerable Acts?
The Quartering Act; gave local authorities the power to lodge British soldiers anywhere, even in private homes.
Purpose of the First Continental Congress?
to consider ways of redressing colonial grievances
Decisions made at first continental congress?
drafted the Articles of Association, where they boycotted British goods completely and ceased exports to Britain as well.
Result of Parliament rejecting petitions of Continental congress?
Boston troops were sent out to capture rebels and seize store containing gun poweder
advantages of colonies in war for independence?
great leadership (George Washington), foreign aid = France
Why did the 2nd continetal congress meet in 1775?
in hopes of drafting new appeals and to help the army and navy
most important action of the 2nd continental congress was?
drafting the declaration of independence
King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion just after…?
the colonists attempted to seize Bunker Hill, but failed.
What is the OIive Branch Petition?
a petition that professed American loyalty to the crown and begged the king to prevent further hostilities after Bunker Hill.
Significance of the colonists’ invasion of Canada in 1775?
it showed that the colonists werent just fighting for a redress of grievances
purpose of declaration of independence?
to cut ties with British control
Power comes from what in a republic?
it comes from the people who chose representatives and elected them into office
The resolution that “These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states…” was introduced into the Second Continental Congress by Virginia delegate
RICHARD HENRY LEE!!
What did most Americans consider fundamental for any successful republican government?
Citizen “virtue”, which meant that colonists needed to sacrifice their personal self-interest to the public good
Which individual privately advocated equality of women?
Abigail Adams
What are loyalists? Patriots? Loyalists were known as…? Patriots?
Loyalists = ppl who stayed loyal to the King and they were called Tories; Patriots = ppl who wanted independence and they were called whigs
Loyalists made up about what percent of the American ppl?
16%
What battle revelaed “Old Fox” Washington at his military best?
when he captured 1,000 Hessians in Trenton
Battle of Saratoga was a key victory because it…?
revived the faltering colonial cause and it made it possible for France to become America’s foreign aid
why did France come to America’s aid in the revolution?
to get their revenge against Britain for the 7 years’ war
why did Britain give America generous terms in the Treaty of Paris?
b/c they were trying to get America to abandon their alliance with France
