APUSH: Chapter 10 [DONE] Flashcards
part 2 of 4
define Bill of Rights
states the first ten amendments of the Constitution
define Judiciary Act of 1789
organized the federal legal system, establishing the Supreme Court, federal district and circuit courts, and the office of the attorney general
define funding at par
payment of debts, such as government bonds, at face value. (due to Hamilton’s assumption act?)
define assumption
transfer of debt from one party to another (federal gov. assumed states’ revolutionary war debts)
define excise tax
tax on goods produced domestically, notably a tax on whiskey –> whiskey rebellion (Hamilton’s excise tax)
define Bank of the United States
chartered by congress as part of Hamilton’s financial program
define Reign of Terror
10 month period of repressions when about 40,000 individuals were executed as enemies of the French revolution.
define Battle of Fallen Timbers
battle between Miami Confederacy and the U.S. army
- Britain refused to shelter runaway Indians, so they were forced to make a treaty with U.S.
Define Treaty of Greenville
treaty between U.S. and Miami confederacy
define farewell address
Washington’s farewell speech as President, where he warned the people against “permanent alliances”
define Convention of 1800
agreement to finally dissolve the US’s treaty with France
define Alien Laws
acts passed by a Federalist congress, which raised residency requirement for citizenship to 14 years
also granted the President the power to deport dangerous foreigners in time of peace
define Sedition Act (2)
enacted by Federalist congress in an effort to squash freedom of speech and press by convicting anyone who defamed officials or interfering with gov. policies with a fine and jail time
act expired in 1801
define Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
what do they state?
statements secretly drafted by Jefferson and Madison for the legislatures of Kentucky and Virginia
argued that states were the final disputers of whether the federal gov. overstepped its boundaries and could therefore nullify, or refuse to accept, national legislation they deemed unconstitutional
define Whiskey Rebellion
uprising of whiskey distillers in southwestern Pennsylvania in opposition to the excise tax that put a tax on whiskey
describe the American nation at the start of the 1790’s (3)
population rose
new states were admitted
states unanimously voted for Washington as President
with the new constitution in place, describe one of the first jobs facing the new government
drawing up the bill of rights (drafted by James Madison)
who favored and benefitted from Alexander Hamilton’s financial and economic development programs for the united states ?
states with large debts favored it, especially Massachusetts
describe Alexander Hamilton politically and personally. (4)
native of British West Indies
secretary of the treasury
jefferson’s opponent
financial wizard
How did Hamilton justify the proposed bank of the United States? (6)
he believed that what the constitution did not forbid, it permit.
he said that it would stimulate business, print money, provide a stable currency, “loose interpretation”
the Congress had the right to pass because of the “proper and necessary” law
What caused the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 in southwestern Pennsylvania ? (2)
Hamilton’s excise tax on domestic items, notably whiskey.
“whiskey boys” stated that the tax was a burden on an economic necessity
Hamilton’s major programs sharply infringe on whom?
the states’ rights
Washington’s neutrality proclamation of 1793; Describe it and list why it was created (2)
Washington declared America as neutral concerning the battle between Britain and France
he wanted to avoid a war at all costs b/c the country was too weak and they were disunited.
when the French Revolution developed into a war with Britain, how did George Washington and the American government react? (3)
Washington and Hamilton were desperate to avoid a war
Washington, Hamilton, and Jefferson all agreed.
U.S. fought Miami confederacy and gained tracts of the Old Northwest
