APUSH - Ch. 29 Study Guide Flashcards
What was the Democratic Party’s platform in the 1912 election
the New Freedom Program - included calls for stronger antitrust legislation, banking reform, and tariff reductions
What was the significance of Jane Addams nomination of T. Roosevelt in 1912? (2)
she nominated him to symbolize the rising status of women and to give Progressive support for the cause of social justice
Describe Theodore Roosevelt’s New Nationalism. (2)
reform program devised by journalist Herbert Croly
instead of trying to consolidate trusts and labor unions, he sought to create stronger regulatory agencies to insure that they operated to serve the public interest
Describe Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom. (3)
called for a stronger antitrust legislation
banking reform
tariff reductions
Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party.
A. Woodrow Wilson B. Theodore Roosevelt C. William Howard Taft D. Eugene V. Debs
(4)
A. Woodrow Wilson B. = Democrat
B. Theodore Roosevelt = Progressive
C. William Howard Taft = Republican
D. Eugene V. Debs = socialist
According to the text, the runaway philosophical winner in the 1912 election was
progressivism rather than Wilson
To secure passage of the Underwood Tariff Bill, Wilson broke new ground by
Encouraged ppl to write to congress
In 1913, Woodrow Wilson broke with a custom dating back to Jefferson’s day when he
Gave his proposal in person
What were the provisions of the 16th Amendment to the Constitution?
The Congress has the power to lay and collect income taxes
Describe the Federal Reserve Act of 1913.
established 12 regional Federal Reserve banks and a federal reserve board, appointed by the president to regulate banking and create stability on a national scale in the banking sector
What does the Federal Trade Commission do? (4 or so)
empowered a standing, presidentially appointed commission to investigate illegal business practices in interstate commerce like unlawful competition, false advertising and mislabeling of goods
What were the provisions of the Clayton Anti-trust Act?
extended the anti-trust protections of the Sherman anti-trust act and exempting labor unions and agricultural organizations from antimonopoly constraints
Because of the benefits that it conferred on labor, what did Samuel Gompers call “labor’s Magna Charta?”
The Clayton Act b/c it legally lifted human labor out of the category of “a commodity or article of commerce.”
The first Jewish member of the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow Wilson, was
Louis D. Brandeis
Woodrow Wilson showed the limits of his progressivism by
it stopped short of better treatment of blacks
What were some of Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy decisions? (4)
disliked an aggressive foreign policy
declared war on dollar diplomacy — declared that the Gov. wouldn’t offer special support to American investors in Latin America and China
Jones Act of 1912 - granted to the Philippines the boon of territorial status and promoted independence as soon as a “stable government” could be established
made Haiti an American protectorate - also concluded a treaty with Haiti providing for U.S. supervision of finances and the police
How would you characterize Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy?
Moralistic
Describe Wilson’s intervention in Mexico.
the Tampico Incident - an arrest of American sailors by the Mexican Gov. that spurred Wilson to dispatch the American Navy to seize the port of Veracruz in April 1914
Why did we trade more with England than we did with Germany? (2)
b/c Britain had close ties with America culturally, linguistically, and economically
they also had the advantage of controlling most of the transatlantic cables
How did Americans feel about the war in Europe? (2)
they were Anti-German, but most of the people wanted to stay out of it
What economic benefit did America get from World War I? (2)
neutral trading rights profits with the Allies
a boom of industry prosperity financed by American Bankers
Why did Germany resort to submarine warfare?
retaliation, because Britain set up a blockade and Germans didn’t like that, so Berlin announced a war area around the British Isles
Describe the conditions of the Sussex Pledge (2)
that the Germans renounce the inhuman practice of sinking merchant ships without warning or else Wilson would break diplomatic relations with them
Germany demanded that they would do that as long as the U.S. would have to persuade the Allies to modify what Berlin regarded as their illegal blockade
What was Wilson’s base of support in the 1916 election? (2)
Midwesterners and westerners who were attracted to Wilson’s progressive reforms and antiwar policies
