APUSH: Chapter 12 [DONE] Flashcards
why was the war of 1812 one of the worst fought wars in US history? (4)
no burning national anger
unimpressive military outcome
decisive negotiated peace
very divided
describe the performance of the United States’ Navy in the war of 1812
better than the army overseas
more skillful than the British
What was the outcome of the British attack on Fort McHenry ?
The British failed to capture it
what was significant about the battle of New Orleans? (3)
happened 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent
restored honor in America’s eyes
brought on a wave of nationalism and self confidence
What were some of the reasons for the British withdrawing many of its earlier demands on the United states at the peace conference at Ghent? (3)
British reverses in New York and at Baltimore
increasing war weariness in Britain made London more willing to compromise
really preoccupied with redrafting Napoleon’s map of Europe
the delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that demanded all of the following (3)
financial assistance from Washington
constitutional amendments that required a 2/3rds vote in Congress
new states admitted
how significant was the war of 1812 from a global perspective?
unimportant, but American gained respect
one of the most important by-products of the war of 1812 was…?
heightened nationalism
describe the various ways nationalism emerged following the war (4)
national literature and art
revived bank of the US
New capital
expanded army
who supported Henry Clay’s call for federally funded roads and canals?
Why?
the West - they didn’t have roads and it would connect them to the East
New England opposed the American System’s federally constructed roads because?
it would drain away the population and create competing states
The Era of Good feelings (2)
- what is it
- what did it do
period of one party, republican, rule during James Monroe’s presidency.
Obscures conflicts over internal improvements slavery, and the national bank
what was the effect of the demise of the Federalist party? (2)
republicans and a one party rule!
one of the major causes of the panic of 1819 was…?
over speculation of land frontiers
what was one of the West’s persistent political demands ? (3)
cheap acreage
cheap transportations
cheap money
all of the following were results of the Missouri Compromise (3)
Maine = free state
Missouri = Slavery state
no more slavery of 36 degrees 30’
people moved into the Old Northwest for all of the following reasons (2)
the people had depleted soil from tobacco
it was a chance to be equal
Andrew Jackson’s military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining…?
Florida
what was the principle of non-colonization in the Monroe Doctrine? (2)
era of colonization = ended
old war can’t seize anymore
what was the Monroe Doctrine and why was it significant?
statement delivered by James Monroe, warning European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories in the Americas
was an expression of Nationalism and an illusion of isolationism
War of 1812
war b/t Britain and the U.S. largely over trade and impressment issues
resulted in America gaining respect
Battle of New Orleans
resounding victory of American forces against the British, restoring American confidence and fueling an outpouring of nationalism
final battle of the war of 1812
Congress of Vienna
convention of major European powers to redraw the boundaries of continental Europe after the defeat of Napoleonic France
Treaty of Ghent
Ended the War of 1812 in a virtual draw
restored prewar borders
failed to address grievances that brought America into the war
Hartford Convention
Convention of Federalists from 5 New England states who opposed the War of 1812 and resented the strength of Southern and Western interests in Congress and in the White House
Rush-Bagot agreement
signed by Britain and the US, it established strict limits on naval armaments in the Great Lakes
first step in demilitarization of U.S.-Canadian border
Tariff of 1816 (2)
what was it primarily created for?
first protective tariff in American history
to shield New England manufacturers from the inflow of British goods after the war of 1812
American System (4)
Henry Clay’s 3-pronged system to promote American Industry
advocated a strong banking system, a protective tariff, and a federally funded transportation network
Land Act of 1820 (2)
fueled the settlement of the Northwest and Missouri territories by lowering the price of public land
prohibited the purchase of federal acreage on credit
Tallmadge Amendment
failed proposal to prohibit the importation of slaves into Missouri territory and pave the way for gradual emancipation
peculiar institution (3)
term for the institution of American Slavery in the South
North = slavery –> gradually abolished
South = slavery –> became increasingly entrenched
McCulloch vs. Maryland
supreme court case that strengthened federal authority and upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the US by establishing the State of Maryland did not have power to tax the bank
loose construction
legal doctrine which holds that the federal government can use powers not specifically granted or prohibited in the Constitution to carry out its constitutionally mandated responsibilities
Cohens vs. Virginia
Case the reinforced federal supremacy by establishing the right of the Supreme Court to review decisions of state supreme courts in questions involving the powers of the federal government
Gibbons vs. Ogden (2)
suit over whether New York State could grant a monopoly to a ferry operating on interstate waters
reasserted that congress had the sole power to regulate interstate commerce
Fletcher vs Peck
Established firmer protection for private property and asserted the right of the Supreme court to invalidate state laws in conflict with the federal constitution
Dartmouth College vs. Woodward
supreme court case that sustained Dartmouth university’s original charter against changes proposed by the New Hampshire state legislature
Anglo-American Convention (3)
signed by Britain and the US, the pact that allowed New England fishermen access to Newfoundland fisheries
established the northern border of Louisiana territory
provided for the joint occupation of the Oregon County for 10 years
Florida Purchase Treaty (Adams-Onis Treaty)
under the agreement, Spain ceded Florida to the U.S., in exchange for U.S.’s claims to Texas
Russo-American Treaty
fixed the line of 54 degrees 40’ as the southernmost boundary of Russian holdings in North America
