Chemical Pathology: Potassium/Acid Base

Question 1

Potassium:

What is the normal range of potassium levels in the body?

Is it mostly intracellular or extracellular?

How much of it is freely exchangeable?

Answer 1

Question 2

Potassium:

What is/are the definition and main causes of Hypokalaemia?

Answer 2

Question 3

Potassium:

What is the treatment for Hypokalaemia?

Answer 3

Question 4

Potassium:

What is the definition of Hyperkalaemia?

Is it more or less common than Hypokalaemia?

Answer 4

Question 5

Potassium:

What are the possible causes of Hyperkalaemia?

Answer 5

Question 6

Potassium:

How is Hyperkalaemia treated?

What does a high Potassium and Low Sodium suggest? (and vice versa)

Answer 6

Question 7

Potassium:

What is the relationship between Hydrogen and Potassium?

Answer 7

Question 8

Acid Base:

What are the normal ranges for pH, CO2, Bicarbonate and Oxygen?

Answer 8

Question 9

Acid Base:

How is [H+] calculated?

What is [H+] equivalent to?

Answer 9

Question 10

Acid Base:

What are the steps in solving a case?

Answer 10

Question 11

Acid Base:

What is/are the pH, Bicarbonate, CO2 and Causes of:

1. Metabolic Acidosis
2. Metabolic Alkalosis
3. Respiratory Acidosis
4. Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 11

Question 12

Acid Base:

What is compensation?

What extra information is needed for metabolic acidosis?

Answer 12

Question 13

Acid Base:

What is the Anion Gap and how is it calculated?

What is its normal range?

Answer 13

Question 14

Acid Base:

What are the possible causes of elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis?

Answer 14

Question 15

Acid Base:

What is the osmolar gap and what is an increase in it caused by?

Answer 15