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American history > Chapters 12-13: Reconstruction & West > Flashcards

Chapters 12-13: Reconstruction & West Flashcards

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1
Q

emancipation proclamation

A

freed slaved men

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2
Q

freedman’s bureau

A

1865, helped freed men and southern refugees with basic need such as school, food, and clothing

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3
Q

3 plans for reconstruction

A

Lincolns, Wade-Davis, and Johnson

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4
Q

Lincoln’s plan:

A

forgiven if pledged to the Union, state can rejoin if 10% of voters took an oath of loyalty

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5
Q

Wade-Davis plan:

A

congress, majority of white male citizens had to take an oath of loyalty, and decreased possibility of revolt

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6
Q

Johnson plan:

A

wealthy southerners have to apply for pardons, no set percentage of loyalty, refusal to pay off Confederate debts, a-polish slavery, and repeal recession

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7
Q

pocket vote

A

put away for 10 days until it died

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8
Q

bill things

A

president signs and becomes law; if vetoed, process starts over again

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9
Q

Lincoln’s assassination:

A

John Wilkes Booth; 1865; Ford’s Theatre; plan to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson and SOS William Steward

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10
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

democrat, southerner, not popular in congress

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11
Q

black codes

A

designed to keep freed men in slave-like conditions; law enforcement supported and enforced such laws; only written down

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12
Q

Radical Republicans

A

reshape southern society fast for freed men to bring change quickly

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13
Q

Civil Rights Act

A

protect freed men from black codes

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14
Q

13th amendment

A

freed slaves

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15
Q

14th amendment

A

granted all citizenship to freed men and all males

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16
Q

15th amendment

A

prohibited state government from denying the right to vote based on race

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17
Q

Johnson’s impeachment

A

Edward Staton fired, and violated 10 year act, 1 vote impeached but kept him in office

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18
Q

scalawags

A

Southerners who supported the Union

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19
Q

carpetbaggers

A

Northerners who moved down south for the rebirth

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20
Q

Southern Homestead Act

A

law set aside 45 million airs of government owned land for free farms to freed men and farmers

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21
Q

sharecropping

A

employer provides everything

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22
Q

tenet farming

A

renting pieces of land for farming

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23
Q

croplein system

A

supplies sold on credit, legal claims on debtors property

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24
Q

enforcement act

A

protect the right of voting for freed men, setting heavy penalties for anyone who interjected

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25
Q

compromise of 1876

A

Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden competed for president; Hayes won; independent replaced with republican; promised south to construct new railroads, control floods on the Mississippi, and removed federal troops

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26
Q

Plains Indians

A

different tribes; buffalo used for everything; white men wanted to kill off buffalo to move them

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27
Q

hunting trains

A

went to u=hunt buffalo, following until they reached a heard and shot at them

28
Q

reservations

A

concentration camps for Indians

29
Q

Sand Creek Massacre

A

Arapaho and Cheyenne; told to go to reservations; Black Kettle camped near Fort Lyon for believed government porection

30
Q

Colonel Chivington

A

killed the Indians and Black Kettle escaped; led drunks and unemployed to attack; congress investigated and no punishment

31
Q

Battle of Little Bighorn

A

June 25, 1876; Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull united in Montana; Colonel George A Custer led 3 columns to take Indians to reservations; 2,500 warriors; temporary victory for Sioux

32
Q

Nez Perce

A

Oregon 1877; peaceful tribe, government forced onto reservations; young warriors killed; 4 white settlers; Canada; caught 40 miles out and surrendered; Chief Joseph

33
Q

ghost dance

A

Wavoka, Paiute prophet; dance inspired spiritual awakening in dance is done with vests; chased white men away; buffalo prayed to come back; drank too much and had vision

34
Q

Wounded Knee

A

Dec 29, 1890; troops led by James Forsyth; starving Sioux forced to turn in guns; gun went off and spiraled into gun fight; marked the end of major conflict for Indians and settlers

35
Q

bureau of Indian affairs

A

erased indianship from Americanization; took children away, cut hair and clothes, only forced to speak English, Carlyle Indian Industrial School tried to beat out

36
Q

Dawes act of 1887

A

required Indians to become landowners, become part of white civilization; eliminated most of tribal ownership; 160 acres to head of family; 80 acres to single orphan, 40 acres to independent child, gained full title in 25 years

37
Q

Comstock load

A

Nevada gold mine, largest gold strike

38
Q

Klondike gold rush

A

Yukon Territory, Canada, gold and silver, had to have a years worth of supplies

39
Q

placer mining

A

allowed miners to pan for gold, but needed to dig

40
Q

hydraulic

A

high pressure water

41
Q

hard rock mining

A

cutting deep shafts in solid rock

42
Q

prospectors

A

employees

43
Q

cattle boom

A

Spanish forst ranchers, longhorns and sheep; meat demand in the East

44
Q

Joseph McCoy

A

started Chisholm Trail from San Antonio to Abilene

45
Q

Joseph Glidden

A

invented barbed wire

46
Q

homestead act

A

160 acres to head of household over 21

47
Q

pacific railroad

A

gave land to build railroad west

48
Q

morrel act

A

land to states for building universities to do with agriculture and machine

49
Q

Oklahoma land rush

A

1889; opened unassigned Indian land to settlers; 2 million acres

50
Q

Union Pacific

A

Omaha, Nebraska; flat, civil war vets; west

51
Q

central pacific

A

Sacramento, California; Chinese

52
Q

promontory summit

A

Utah, May 18, 1869

53
Q

exodusters

A

freed African American settlers migrating west

54
Q

European settlers move

A

freedom of religion and identity

55
Q

dugouts

A

homes built out of mud out of hillsides

56
Q

James Oliver

A

invented the sharp edged bow

57
Q

Cyrus McOrmic

A

the reaper, cuts down grains, 1847

58
Q

national grange

A

first major farmers organization by Oliver Hudson Kelley, united famers

59
Q

Munn vs. Illinois

A

state legislators right to regulate business involving public interest

60
Q

Wabash vs. Illinois

A

federal government regulated railroad traffic

61
Q

farmers alliance

A

practical equipment, needs, and lobbied banking

62
Q

colored farmers alliance

A

advocated hard work and sacrifice in society

63
Q

populist party

A

peoples party

64
Q

populist party platform

A

supported national grange and alliance of farmers, labor leaders, and reformers

65
Q

1892 election

A

populists took seats in office and congress

66
Q

panic of 1893

A

depression, Cleveland focused on silver and cause of depression

67
Q

Sherman Silver act

A

based on gold and silver

American history (25 decks)

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