Chapter 17: Imperialism Flashcards
imperialist countries
Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Japan, US
ideology
nationalism, social darwinism (western nations), sought christianity, military (more bases), new markets
King Kalakau
negotiated treaty to make Hawaiian sugar cheap
Hawaiian league
group of American business leaders, planters, and traders proposed to overthrow monarchy
Bayonet Constitution
conflict between Hawaii and US; US wanted Perl Harbor in exchange for renewing sugar treaty; King forced to sign at gunpoint
Queen Lili
Kalakau sister; wanted to reinstate the monarchy and do away with Bayonet
John L Stevens
sent 4 boats of marines and forced queen to surrender; formally recognized Republic of Hawaii and placed under US protection
Stanford B Dole
became president of Republic of Hawaii
European powers
gained influence of China
SOS John Hay
proposed Open Door Policy
Open Door Policy
gives all national equal trading rights in China
Boxer Rebellion
society of Richeous and Harmonious fists; wanted to kick out foreigners again nationalism
western nations contribution
cooperated to quell the rebellion and continue exploration of Chinese trade
Commodore Matthew Perry
brought 4 steamships into Tokyo Bay to pressure Japan to open its ports to trade
1904
year Japan requested President Roosevelt to help negotiate a peace treaty in Portsmouth, NH
Great White Fleet
sent by Roosevelt to show US strength around the world; 4 squadrons of battleships
Rear Admiral Charles Sperry
stopped in 20 ports and 6 continents
Jose Marti
moved to NYC continuing to agitate for Cuban independence; fought for Cuba’s independence
General Valeriano Weyler
used ruthless tactics to suppress the revolt, further angering Cubans and swaying American sentiment to the side of the rebels
Theodore Roosevelt sent
sent Commodore George Dewy to prepare for war against Spain
April 25, 1898
declared war on Spain
George Dewy
engaged Spanish fleet in Manila Bay; sea
Emilio Aguinaldo
led Philipino rebels; land; set up new government as president
rough riders
TR’s group; Battle of San Juan Hill; Spanish surrender
Teller Amendment
US signed; leave governing and control of the island (Cuba) to its people
Joseph Politzer
Spanish minister; US Enrique de Loome; ridiculed President McKinley
USS Maine
blew up Havanah
Treaty of Paris
Spain gave up Cuba; us gained territory in Puerto Ricco and Guam; Spain turned over Philippines and $20 million
for annexation
believed US had a duty to spread its values overseas
Phillipines reasoning for taking
economics and strategic value that shouldn’t fall into the hands of other countries; approved annexation; granted full independence
against annexation
annexation would violate the idea of self government; didn’t want coercion to occur; would increase immigration to US
Walter Reed and William C Gorgas
US doctors; mosquitoes carried yellow fever
Platt Amendment
limited Cuba’s ability to sign treaties; gave US right to intervene in Cuban affairs and Guantanamo Bay; protectorate
Puerto Ricco agreement
military agreement set up; territory
Foraker Act
US would appoint a governor and upper house of legislature
1952
Puerto Ricco became self governing commonwealth; US still controls interstate trade, immigration and military affairs
Panama Canal
rights to build from French in 1902; Atlantic and pacific; helped break Colombian rule; TR supported revolution; 10 mile wide Canal Zone; $10 million in payment and $250,000 rent; began in May 1904
John F Stevens
chief engineer and architect; resigned 3 years later
William Gorgas
sanitation and health concerns
George Goethals
took over building after Gorgas resigned
SS Ancon
first shop to pass through in 1914
Roosevelt Corelly
US pledged to use force to prevent European countries from seizing Dominican territory; US took control of collecting Dominican customs
dollar diplomacy
Taft; promote American economic interests in other countries; achieve goals
moral diplomacy
Wilson; used persuasion and American ideals to advance nation’s interest in other countries
Victoriano Huerta
Mexico’s president; US didn’t like him; Wilson authorized arms sales to Huerta’s enemies; ran away to Spain
April 9, 1914
USS Dolphin soldiers arrested by Mexico; tried to apologize; US wanted formal apology and salute to the US flag; 21 gun salute
Wilson approved
use of force on Mexico
Germany
sent ships to Mexico to help with weapons
Battle of Veracruz
occupied for 6 moths; Wilson ordered Navy to seise city
avoid war
Argentina, Brazil, and Chile with mediation
Venusiano Carranza
US supports; declared himself leader of Mexico
Pancho Villa
led troops to New Mexico striking Columbus; town burned
Colombus
first armed invasion of the US since War of 1812
John J Pershing
Wilson ordered; 10,000 troops invaded Mexico; never found Pancho Villa; sent back home
