Chapter 26-27 Reading

Question 1

1960 election

Answer 1

John F Kennedy and Richard Nixon; Kennedy won narrowly due to an impressive performance in a tv debate

Question 2

Kennedy as president

Answer 2

worked to build up the country’s armed forces; “flexible response” defense policy to prepare the US to fish any size or any type of conflict; prevent the spread of communism in poor nations around the globe; believed that democracy combined with prosperity would contain/ limit communism’s spread

Question 3

peace corps

Answer 3

sent American volunteers to help developing countries to improve the Third World politically and economically

Question 4

Kennedy’s first major challenge

Answer 4

Cuba; executed Eisenhower’s plan to invade Cuba

Question 5

Fidel Castro

Answer 5

took over Cuba in 1959 and aligned Cuba with the Soviet Union

Question 6

Bay of Pigs invasion

Answer 6

invasion of Cuba with CIA- led forces of Cuban exiles; failed and strengthened Castro’s position in Cuba

Question 7

Kennedy’s second challenge

Answer 7

Khrushchev; demanded that America remove its troops from west Berlin and recognize the divided city; ordered the construction of the Berlin Wall

Question 8

Berlin Wall

Answer 8

wall between East and West Berlin; symbol of the divide between communism and democracy

Question 9

Kennedy’s third challenge

Answer 9

Soviets began building nuclear missile sites in Cuba in range of East Coast cities; Cuban Missile Crisis; demanded the Soviets remove the missiles; install “hot line” telephone system between Moscow and Washington, DC; US, Britain, and the Soviets signed a nuclear-weapons agreement

Question 10

new frontier

Answer 10

described Kennedy’s proposals to improve the economy, education, healthcare, and civil rights; promised Americans that his administration would do so; most visual was the active space program

Question 11

Kennedy achieved

Answer 11

increase in minimum wage and improvements in the welfare system; tried to make sure that women were paid equal wages for equal work

Question 12

Equal Pay Act

Answer 12

required women to be paid equal wages for “equal work”

Question 13

improving the economy

Answer 13

would reduce poverty

Question 14

deficit spending

Answer 14

government practice of borrowing money in order to spend more than is received from taxes; thought it would help stimulate the economy; “new economics” from John Maynard Keynes

Question 15

Kennedy introduced

Answer 15

bill that used federal money to aid school desegregation and demand other reforms

Question 16

space race

Answer 16

Americans afraid they were falling behind the Soviets; Kennedy called for a man to be landed on the moon in less than 10 years

Question 17

Lee Harvey Oswald

Answer 17

assassinated president Kennedy while he was riding in a car in Dallas, Texas

Question 18

warren commission

Answer 18

conducted an official investigation of the shooting of Kennedy; declared Oswald acted alone

Question 19

Lyndon B Johnson

Answer 19

became president after Kennedy; shared the same goals as Kennedy

Question 20

Johnson’s first success

Answer 20

ensuring that congress passed the civil rights act; important bill introduced by Kennedy; to end discrimination in voting, education, and public accommodations

Question 21

war on poverty

Answer 21

big part of Johnson’s plans; wanted to provide more training, education, and healthcare to those who need it

Question 22

economics opportunity act

Answer 22

created agencies such as Jobs Corps, VISTA, and Head Start

Question 23

great society

Answer 23

Johnson’s vision for America; demanded an end to poverty and racial injustice

Question 24

medicare

Answer 24

program that provided basic hospital insurance for older Americans

Question 25

medicaid

Answer 25

provided basic medical services to poor and disabled Americans

Question 26

elementary and secondary education act

Answer 26

aided schools in poor communities

Question 27

immigration and nationality act

Answer 27

relaxed the nation’s immigration policies

Question 28

Chief Justice Earl Warren

Answer 28

Supreme Court often called warren court; liberal court supported civil liberties, voting rights, and personal privacy