Chapter 29: The Vietnam War Flashcards

1
Q

French Indochina

A

Vietnam, Loas, and Cambodia

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2
Q

Vietmihn

A

League for the Independence of Vietnam; fought the Japanese; created the national liberation front

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3
Q

after WW2 the

A

Vietminh declared independence, but France quickly moved in to claim Vietnam

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4
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

growing nationalist movement in Vietnam; “He Who Enlightens”; joined the French communist party to get rid of the French; peasants liked because he took land from the rich; North Vietnam

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5
Q

domino theory

A

if one country falls to communism its neighbors will

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6
Q

Eisenhower believed

A

in the domino theory and sent supples to French forces in Vietnam

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7
Q

Dien Bien Phu

A

French soldiers made last stand; Eisenhower didn’t want to send US soldiers; French surrendered on May 7, 1954; French trapped on military base

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8
Q

Geneva Conference

A

peace agreement; Vietnam temporarily divided by 17th parallel; communist controlled North; French would withdraw from the country

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9
Q

Ngo Dinh Diem

A

South Vietnam; corrupt and brutal leadership; US supported; assassinated in 1963; killed buddhists

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10
Q

national liberation fund

A

South Vietnam and Vietminh formed; military force called Vietcong

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11
Q

vietcong

A

undercover North Vietnamese soldiers; assassinated South Vietnamese government officials

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12
Q

military advisors

A

sent to train South Vietnamese Army

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13
Q

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

A

Johnson needed authority of Congress; USS Mattox attacked by North Vietnam; Johnson said attack was unprovoked when Mattox had been a spying mission and fired first; passed on Aug 7

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14
Q

operation rolling thunder

A

bombing campaign over North Vietnam; military targets, army bases, airfields, bridges, roads, and railways targeted; main target was Ho Chi Minh trail; agent orange, napalm, and cluster bombs used

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15
Q

agent orange

A

defoliant that destroys vegetation

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16
Q

napalm

A

jellied gasoline used to create firebombs

17
Q

cluster bombs

A

sprayed sharp metal fragments when exploded

18
Q

General William Westmorland

A

commanded US ground troops in South Vietnam

19
Q

pacification

A

US forces implemented to win the hearts and minds of South Vietnamese people

20
Q

the draft

A

25% excused for health; 30% received determents; college students deterred; draft lottery began in 1960 and ended in 1973; 3% of eligible men escaped by refusing to register or leaving the US

21
Q

several women

A

worked for the Red Cross

22
Q

Saigon

A

capital of South Vietnam

23
Q

doves

A

people who opposed the war

24
Q

Hawkes

A

people who support the war’s goals

25
Q

tet offensive

A

massive coordinated attacks in South Vietnam; NVA and Vietcong attacked 12 US military bases; began Jan 30,1968 at the start of tet; more than 100 cities across South Vietnam

26
Q

Robert McNamara

A

seeked ways to end the war

27
Q

Sirhan Sirhan

A

assassinated Robert Kennedy

28
Q

George Wallace

A

independent; former Alabama governor

29
Q

Spiro Agnew

A

Nixon chose as his running mate

30
Q

Henry Kissinger

A

Nixon’s national security advisor

31
Q

Nixon started

A

bombing Laos and Cambodia to disrupt the flow of supplies on the Ho Chi Minh trial

32
Q

campus violence

A

Kent State (4 killed) and Jackson State

33
Q

weathermen

A

created 5,000 bombs to protest the war

34
Q

My Lai massacre

A

troops under Cally killed 450 people; Cally convicted of murder

35
Q

pentagon papers

A

collection of secret government documents; traced the history of US; officials were misleading

36
Q

Daniel Elisberg

A

leaked the pentagon papers

37
Q

26th amendment

A

lowered the voting age form 21 to 18

38
Q

peace agreement

A

January 1963; North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and US

39
Q

2 years after Saigon

A

North Vietnamese troops invaded South Vietnam; 130,00 South Vietnamese evacuated