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American history > Chapter 18: World War 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 18: World War 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

black hand

A

wanted Austria-Hungary to leave Bosnia alone; assassinated Franz

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2
Q

Gavrilo Pinas

A

black hand; assassinated Franz; took cyanide but didn’t work

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3
Q

conditions in Europe after war

A

nationalism; imperialism; militarism (military preparedness)

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4
Q

First Battle of the Marne

A

Germany 25 miles from Paris; French pushed them back

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5
Q

trench warfare

A

fighting from the trenches

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6
Q

No Man’s Land

A

any land between trenches

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7
Q

WW1 nicknames

A

The Great War, The Great Conflict

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8
Q

1870

A

France declared war on Prussia

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9
Q

Otto Van Bismarck

A

created Second Reich

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10
Q

Kaiser

A

emperor in German

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11
Q

tripple alliance

A

Germany, Italy, and Austria- Hungary

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12
Q

western front

A

France

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13
Q

eastern front

A

Germany

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14
Q

Belgium

A

Germany invaded in order to attack France

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15
Q

allies

A

France, Russia, Britain, and Serbia

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16
Q

central powers

A

Germany, Austria- Hungary, Turkey, and Italy

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17
Q

Christmas Eve

A

unofficial truce on the battle field between the British and German troops

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18
Q

Germany on England

A

began air raids and submarine blockades

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19
Q

Germany began to use

A

poisonous gas; April 22

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20
Q

Lusitania

A

attacked by German U Boat; 1915; Americans died; Wilson said submarine warfare had to end

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21
Q

Wilson

A

president at the time

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22
Q

war of attrition

A

to wear down opponents

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23
Q

Treaty of London

A

Italy joined the allies

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24
Q

Sep 6, 1915 Bulgaria

A

joined the central powers and declared war on Serbia

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25
Q

May 31, 1915 battle

A

first and last naval battle between Germany and Britain

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26
Q

Schliefen plan

A

attack from the outsides

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27
Q

Austria- Hungary

A

one country before the war; 2 countries after

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28
Q

assisted allies

A

Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan

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29
Q

Battle of Verdon

A

longest battle of the war

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30
Q

tripple alliance changed

A

into the central powers

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31
Q

Feb 1, 1917

A

Germany began unrestricted submarine warfare

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32
Q

Feb 3, 1917

A

US stopped diplomatic relations with Germany

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33
Q

Zimmerman note

A

telegram to Mexico from Germany promising US territory if Mexico joined the central powers against the US

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34
Q

April 6, 1917

A

US declared war on Germany; US joined the allies

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35
Q

political instability

A

reason Russia dropped out of the war; Polshivics; October Revolution

36
Q

Romania

A

joined the allies

37
Q

T.E. Lawrence

A

Lawrence of Arabia

38
Q

selective service act

A

started the draft; ages of 21-30

39
Q

3 major leaders

A

Harry Truman, George Patton, and Douglas MacArthur

40
Q

Alvin York

A

became the most decorated soldier of the war

41
Q

Nov 11, 1918

A

Germany surrendered at 5 am; war ended at 11 am

42
Q

Germany reparations

A

had to pay reparations; 33 million; no Air Force or submarines; limit army to 100,000

43
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

signed on June 28, 1918; Versailles in Paris; better world, revenge, and independence

44
Q

Lemon and Stalin

A

created the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic

45
Q

1919 Hitler

A

joined Nazi

46
Q

1933 Hitler

A

named the Chancellor of German Republic

47
Q

poisonous gas

A

attacked eyes, mouth, and ears; German military scientists experimented as weapons; windy would blow back

48
Q

tanks

A

British introduced to go through No Man’s Land

49
Q

planes

A

both sides; map and attack from above; threw rocks out

50
Q

isolationism

A

staying neutral; Wilson said Americans need to; sell to anyone but favored allies in private

51
Q

U Boats

A

underwater boats; Germany

52
Q

waters around Great Britain

A

Germany declared war zone; unrestricted submarines

53
Q

Sussex

A

French passenger boat attacked by a U Boat

54
Q

Sussex pledge

A

Germany promised not to sink merchant vessels without warning and saving human lives

55
Q

conscientious objectors

A

people who couldn’t fight because their religion or morals prohibit it

56
Q

African American soldiers

A

segregated; couldn’t be commanding officers over whites

57
Q

American expeditionary forces

A

Pershing in charge; army, guard, and volunteer soldiers needed to practice; not splitting up in different countries because of languages; AEF

58
Q

hello girls

A

French speaking women who would translate French commanders to US commanders for war to give to AEF

59
Q

2nd Battle of the Marne

A

Germany last offensive; retreated

60
Q

war crippled

A

German economy significantly; 1918; caused food strikes

61
Q

war revenue act of 1917

A

established high taxes; wealthy Americans had to pay 77% of their income

62
Q

liberty bonds

A

form of loan to the government from American people; government borrowed money from people and they get the interest; had to wait to mature and get more money

63
Q

war industry board

A

regulated all war materials

64
Q

lever food and fuel control act

A

government set prices and established product controls

65
Q

Herbert Hoover

A

food administration; promised farmers higher prices on crops

66
Q

volstead act

A

passed prohibition; no liquor; ingredients in liquor could be used as food for the soldiers

67
Q

fuel administration

A

set product goals and prices for fuel

68
Q

Garfield

A

introduced daylight savings time to extend daylight hours for factory workers

69
Q

national war labor board

A

Wilson administration; judged disputes between workers and management; improved working conditions; 8 hour workday; companies recognized unions; equal pay for women

70
Q

infuenza

A

3 types; 1918-1919; Spanish flu

71
Q

committee of public information

A

George Creel; propaganda to support the war

72
Q

espionage act

A

punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty

73
Q

sedition act

A

illegal for Americans to criticize the government, flag, or military in speech or writing

74
Q

14 points

A

Wilsons plan to help reconstruct Europe; open diplomacy; freedom of seas; removal of trade boundaries; reduction of military arms; resolve disputes over colonies; League of Nations

75
Q

leaders of victorious allies

A

Wilson; George (British prime minister); Clemenceau (French prime minister); Orlando (Italian prime minister); big four

76
Q

better world

A

Wilson had a vision

77
Q

revenge

A

punish Germany

78
Q

independence

A

create new countries

79
Q

democrats

A

supported immediate ratification of the treaty

80
Q

irreconcilables

A

nothing to do with the League of Nations

81
Q

reservationists

A

Henry Cabot Lodge; only ratify revised treaty

82
Q

political impact

A

overthrow monarchies in Russia; contributed to the rise of communists in Russia

83
Q

economic impact

A

devastated Germany economy; farmers hit hard

84
Q

social impact

A

14 million people dead; women in workforce; encouraged African Americans to move northern

85
Q

impact in Europe

A

European nations lost almost an entire generation of young men; France in ruins; reparations crippled US economy

American history (25 decks)

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