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American history > Chapter 25: The Cold War > Flashcards

Chapter 25: The Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

roots of the Cold War

A

Soviet Union (communism, totalitarian dictatorship); US (free-enterprise capitalism, republic)

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2
Q

Soviet Union refused

A

to let eastern Europe hold elections as promised at Yalta

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3
Q

the iron curtain

A

division in Europe between free world and communism; Churchill attacked Soviet Union for creating; Stalin believed it was necessary to protect Soviet Union from western attacks

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4
Q

George F. Kennan

A

containment (US should resist Soviet attempt to extend its power)

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5
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

US would help people fight against oppression; send aid to Greece and Turkey to help fight against Soviets

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6
Q

Marshall Plan

A

aid program to rebuild the economics of European countries to create stable conditions for democracies

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7
Q

crisis in Berlin

A

America, Britain, and France set up free, democratic government; western zone became known as Federal Republic of Germany

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8
Q

Berlin airlift

A

British and American planes made deliveries to West Berlin

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9
Q

reasoning for airlift

A

Soviets blocked any road, rail, or river traffic into west Berlin

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10
Q

west Berlin

A

Soviet Union had

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11
Q

east Berlin

A

US had

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12
Q

NATO

A

north Atlantic treaty organization; US, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, and Netherlands; if someone is attacked in the group, everyone attacks

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13
Q

servicemen’s readjustment act of 1944

A

help veterans transition to civilian life; GI bill; money for college or job; unemployment pay; assistance finding jobs; loans for homes and farms

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14
Q

Taft-Hartley Act

A

greatly reduced the power of labor unions

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15
Q

executive order 9981

A

ended segregation in US armed forces

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16
Q

Tuskegee airmen

A

group of blacks in the Air Force who were good

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17
Q

1948 election

A

“Dewy defeats Truman”; Truman won and started the fair deal

18
Q

Fair Deal

A

treat people fairly

19
Q

United Nations

A

50 nations; June 1945; respect fundamental rights, treaties, agreements; promote progress, freedom of all people, and economic and social advancements

20
Q

universal declaration of human rights

A

human beings equal; end slavery, torture, and inhumane punishment; right to assembly and access the court; elementary education should be free and available to all

21
Q

International Monetary Fund

A

promoted orderly financial relationships between countries

22
Q

world bank

A

provide loans and grants to countries for the purpose of reducing poverty

23
Q

general agreement on tariffs and trade

A

set rules and regulations for international trade

24
Q

1949 Soviets

A

detonated the atomic bomb

25
Q

Mao Zedong

A

China; communist party

26
Q

house un-american committee

A

investigates the full range of radical groups in the US

27
Q

smith act

A

crime to call for the overthrow of the US government or belong to an organization that did

28
Q

McCarren act

A

required communists to register with the US government; limited the rights of communists

29
Q

Hollywood 10

A

investigated by the HUAC; left wing screenwriters, actors, and directors

30
Q

Alger Hiss

A

convicted of perjury (lying in court) to Whittaker Chambers

31
Q

Klaus Fuchs

A

Manhattan Project scientist who gave atomic bomb information to the Soviets

32
Q

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

A

convicted of passing secrets to the Soviets and executed

33
Q

Joseph McCarhty

A

senator; McCarthyism; never proved the list he had

34
Q

Korea before the war

A

Soviet controlled North of the 38th parallel; US controlled south; Soviet established communist government; US promoted democracy in South Korea

35
Q

Democratic People’s Republic

A

communist government in Korea; Soviets; North Korea; Kim II Sung

36
Q

Republic of Korea

A

Syngman Rhee; South Korea

37
Q

Truman asked

A

UN if they could invade North Korea

38
Q

UN security council

A

supported the use of force in Korea

39
Q

UN

A

police action

40
Q

MaCarther wanted

A

to bomb the Chinese

41
Q

Panmunjom

A

signed peace agreement and negotiated

American history (25 decks)

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