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American history > Chapter 28: Civil Rights Movement > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Civil Rights Movement Flashcards

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1
Q

Booker T Washington

A

put up with segregation for the time being; good citizen

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2
Q

WEB DeBois

A

wanted equality now

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3
Q

Little Rock crisis

A

governor called in national guard on 9 black students from entering the school; couldn’t get in for 3 weeks; Eisenhower sent US troops to protect students in Central High School in Arkansas; 1957

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4
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

supreme court ruled “separate but equal”

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5
Q

Montgomery, Alabama

A

Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white man and arrested; NAACP member; Montgomery Bus Boycott led to Supreme Court ruling of segregation busses illegal; creation of SCLC

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6
Q

SCLC

A

southern Christian leadership conference; MLK selected to be group leader; protest activities across the south with nonviolence

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7
Q

Ghandi

A

spiritual leader in India who inspired MLK to be nonviolent

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8
Q

Sit-In Movement

A

Greensboro, North Carolina; Woolworth’s at segregated lunch counter; 4 back college students refused service; protesters joined in with nonviolence and no disprution

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9
Q

Freedom Riders

A

1960; Supreme Court ruled bus station facilities for interstate travelers must be open to all passengers; CORE sent group on bus through the Deep South

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10
Q

Robert Kennedy sent

A

federal marshalls to Montgomery to protect riders

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11
Q

interstate commerce commission

A

forced integration of bus and train stations

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12
Q

James Meredith

A

enrolled at University of Mississippi; 50 federal marshals met with 2,500 violent protesters; Kennedy sent troops; hundreds injured and 2 killed

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13
Q

George Wallace

A

governor of Alabama; blocked Vivian Malone and James Hood from enrolling in the University of Alabama

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14
Q

Albany movement

A

sit in; Albany bus station; MLK lead demonstrations and got arrested; 9 month movement; failed

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15
Q

the campaign

A

MLK hoped to motivate more people; white clergy attacked MLK in newspaper add; “letter from Birmingham jail” speech from MLK

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16
Q

Eugene Connor

A

police chief; “bull”; used firefighters to break up 2,500 student protesters

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17
Q

Medgar Evers

A

head of NAACP in Mississippi and assassinated

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18
Q

Byron De La Bechwith

A

KKK member; tried for the crime but failed to convict all-white jury; tried the 3rd time

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19
Q

march on Washington

A

Aug 28, 1963; 200,000 people marched and protested; “I have a dream” MLK speech

20
Q

Johnson signed

A

the civil rights act of 1964 banning discrimination in public accommodations

21
Q

voter education project

A

registered African Americans to vote; registered more than half a million

22
Q

24th amendment

A

banned poll tax

23
Q

freedom summer

A

college students volunteered to spend the summer registering African Americans to vote; volunteers registered and taught schools

24
Q

Andrew Goodman

A

freedom summer volunteer; went missing on June 21, 1964; 2 CORE workers and himself went to a church bombing; Johnson ordered massive hunt on 3; bodies discovered in Mississippi; 21 suspects tried for violating civil rights laws

25
Q

17,000 African Americans

A

signed up to vote in Mississippi but they only took 1,600

26
Q

SNCC

A

student nonviolent coordination committee

27
Q

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

A

SNCC helped form; elected 68 delegates to the Democratic National Convention so it wasn’t white-only

28
Q

Selma, Alabama

A

MLK organized a march for voting rights and arrested; 4 day march from Selma to Montgomery; 600 African Americans on 54 mile march; police set blockade and were broadcast on TV

29
Q

voting rights act

A

Johnson passed; one of the most important pieces of the civil rights legislation

30
Q

de jure segregation

A

segregation by law

31
Q

de facto segregation

A

segregation that exists through custom and practice

32
Q

Watts and Detroit

A

there were major riots

33
Q

Kerner Commission

A

study cause of urban rioting; poverty and discrimination

34
Q

Stokely Carmiechel

A

leader of SNCC; abandoned philosophy of nonviolence; black power; wanted African Americans to depend on themselves to solve problems

35
Q

black panthers

A

Oakland, California; violent revolution; members carried guns

36
Q

black muslims

A

Nation of Islam; believed in black power; black nationalism, self reliance, and discipline

37
Q

Malcom X

A

offered message of hope, defiance, and black pride; went to Mecca for spiritual trip and decided not to be violent; assassinated

38
Q

death of MLK

A

April 4,1968; James Earl Ray; shot on hotel balcony in Memphis; riots erupted

39
Q

Ralph Abernathy

A

new leader of SCLC; poor people’s campaign (lead people to capital to ask for help); terrible media; disaster; failed to clearly express the protesters needs and demands; bad weather

40
Q

black power movement

A

J Edgar Hoover (FBI director) had spies on groups of the movement; considered MLK and black power movement threat to society

41
Q

civil rights act of 1968

A

banned discrimination of the sale of rental housing (also fair housing act)

42
Q

affirmative location

A

program that gave reference to minorities and women in hiring and admissions to make up for past discrimination

43
Q

Thurgood Marshall

A

Supreme Court 1st African American justice

44
Q

John Lewis

A

represented people of Alabama for Congress

45
Q

Andrew Young

A

Georgias first African American member of congress

46
Q

Jesse Jackson

A

operation PUSH and campaigned for Democratic presidential nomination in the 1980’s

American history (25 decks)

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